Individual Details
Edmund "1st Duke of York" Plantagenet KG
(5 Jun 1341 - 1 Aug 1402)
[[Category: Knights Companion of the Garter]]
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==Biography==
=== Name and Titles ===:'''Name:''' Edmund of Langley, Duke of York Richardson, ''Royal Ancestry'', Vol I, pp. 88; Vol. II p. 122; Vol. V p. 445-449. [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20Kings%201066-1603.htm#EdmundLangleydied1402B Cawley, ''Medieval Lands'': Edmund of Langley] :Fifth son of [[Plantagenet-70 | Edward III]], King of England and [[Hainaut-42 | Philippa of Hainault]]. [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20Kings%201066-1603.htm#EdwardIIIdied1377B Cawley, ''Medieval Lands'' : Edward III] [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/HAINAUT.htm#PhilippaHainautdied1369 Cawley, ''Medieval Lands'' : Phillipa of Hainault]
:'''Titles:''' of Edmund of Langley:
:Duke of York - created 6 August 1385.
:Earl of Cambridge 1362
:Privy Councilor 1372, 1389, 1399:joint Lieutenant-Special and Captain General in France and Brittany 1374
:Constable of Dover Castle and Warden of the Cinque Ports 1376-1381
:Chief Captain of the Army for Portugal 1381-2
:Chief Justice of Chester and Flintshire 1385-7
:Guardian and Lieutenant of England 1394-5, 1396
:Castellan of Mortagne-sur-la-Gironde 1396
:Keeper of Fremantle Park 1397
:Steward of England 1399
:Master of royal mews and falcons
:Knight of the Passion of Jesus Christ
=== Birth ===:'''Born:''' 5 June 1341 at King's Langley Palace in King's Langley, Hertfordshire, England.
:'''Controversy regarding paternity:''' A 2014 Y-DNA study compared the DNA of Edward III’s descendants, namely Richard III and 5 men descended from Henry Somerset, 2nd Earl of Worcester. King, ''Nature Communications'' Richard III descended in the male line from Edward’s son Edmund of Langley, and Henry Somerset descended in the male line from Edward’s son John of Gaunt. The Y-DNA did not match. The press sensationalized the announcement to suggest that Edward III might not be the father of Edmund of Langley or John of Gaunt, or even of his other children. e.g. Knapton, S. (2014, December 02). Richard III DNA shows British Royal family may not have royal bloodline. Telegraph. [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/theroyalfamily/11268218/Richard-III-DNA-shows-British-Royal-family-may-not-have-royal-bloodline.html www.telegraph.co.uk] (Note Elizabeth of York's claim was through Lionel of Antwerp, not John of Gaunt.)
:However, this is an extremely poor analysis of the data. Certainly, there was a non-paternal event(s) somewhere in the line down to his gr-gr—grandson Richard III, or somewhere in the 24 to 26 generation descent in the Somerset lines. It is not possible to tell where the non-paternal event occurred from this study. At this point, all the children of Philippa of Hainault must be presumed to be the children of Edward III, King of England.
=== Marriage and Children ===:'''Married:''' ''1st -'' Isabel of Castile-Leon, daughter of Pedro I 'the Cruel', King of Castile and Leon by Maria Diaz de Padilla in September 1371 at Roquefort near Bordeaux, France. A second ceremony was held on 1 March 1372 at Hertford Castle in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England. She died 23 December 1392.
:'''Married:''' ''2nd -'' Joan Holand, daughter of Thomas de Holand and Alice de Arundel, before 4 November 1393. They had no children.
:Children of Edmund of Langley and Alice de Arundel: #Edward of York. Born about 1374 (age 28 in 1402). Married Philippe Mohun before 7 October 1398. Slain at the battle of Agincourt on 25 October 1415. No children.
#Constance of York.#Richard of York. Born about 20 July 1385 at Conisbrough Castle. He married 1st Anne Mortimer and 2nd Maud Clifford. Attainted and beheaded on 5 August 1415.
===Death and burial of Edmund of Langley===:'''Died:''' 1 August 1402 at King's Langley, Hertfordshire, England.
: Burial: Church of the Friars Preachers in King's Langley, Hertfordshire, England.
:From: Royal Tombs of Medieval England - "The fifth son of Edward III and Philippa of Hainault, Edmund was born at the royal manor of Langley in 1342 and died there on 1 August 1402. The duke was buried in the nearby priory church (Friars Preachers), as instructed by his will dated two years earlier. King's Langley was a Dominican house founded by Edward II in 1308 in the grounds of the royal manor-house, the result of a vow made when he was in 'great peril', most likely illness. Edward III took control of the building works in 1360, but the priory was still incomplete in 1399. Edmund's wife, Isabella of Castile, had been buried at King's Langley in 1394 on instructions from Richard II; according to Dugdale, Isabella's will left her burial-place to the king's discretion. There are no records of the King's Langley tombs. The priory surrendered to the crown in 1536, but was not dissolved until 1559, when the estate passed into private hands. The heraldic tomb-chest now standing in the north chapel of the King's Langley parish church is thought to have originated from the priory, and is usually ascribed to Edmund Langley, being moved to its present position in 1877. There is no effigy or inscription. The chest was executed in Purbeck marble with alabaster panels. In 1877 the tomb-chest was opened and found to contain the disturbed remains of a male about sixty and a female around forty, thought to be Edmund and Isabella." Duffy, ''Royal Tombs''. (2003):152-154.
== Sources ==
:Footnotes and citations:
:Source list:*Richardson, Douglas. ''Royal Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families, in 5 vols''. (Salt Lake City, Utah, 2013). See Vol I, pp. 88; Vol. II p. 122; Vol. V p. 445-449.
*Cawley, Charles. ''Medieval Lands: A Prosopography of Medieval European Noble and Royal Families'', Online at [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ Foundation for Medieval Genealogy Website].
*Duffy, Mark. ''Royal Tombs of Medieval England''. (2003):152-154.
* Peck, Francis. ''[[Space:Academia Tertia Anglicana|Academia Tertia Anglicana]]'' (Bettenham, London, 1727) [https://books.google.com/books?id=QxBJAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA5-PA28#v=onepage&q&f=false Page 28]
* Beltz, George. ''[[Space:Memorials of the Most Noble Order of the Garter|Memorials of the Order of the Garter]]'' (William Pickering, London, 1841) [https://books.google.com/books?id=4xwNAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA136 Page 136-40]
* Burke, Bernard. ''[[Space:Royal Descents and Pedigrees of Founders Kin|Royal Descents and Pedigrees of Founders Kin]]'' (Harrison, London, 1864) [https://archive.org/stream/royaldescentsped00burk#page/n69/mode/2up Page 55-63]
* Hope, Sir William Henry St. John. ''[[Space:The Stall Plates of the Knights of the Order of the Garter, 1348-1485|The Stall Plates of the Knights of the Order of the Garter, 1348-1485]]'' (A. Constable and Co., Westminster, 1901) [https://books.google.com/books?id=38sxAQAAMAAJ&pg=PT175 Plate XLIII]
*[[WikiPedia: Edmund_of_Langley,_1st_Duke_of_York]]
* ''[[Space:The Ancestor|The Ancestor]]'' (Archibald Constable & Co., Ltd., Westminster S.W., July 1902) No. 2, [https://archive.org/details/ancestorquarterl02unse/page/19 Page 19]: "The Shields of Arms on The Tomb of Edmund of Langley"
*Cawley, Charles. "[http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CONTENTS.htm Medieval Lands]": A prosopography of medieval European noble and royal families © by Charles Cawley, hosted by Foundation for Medieval Genealogy (FMG). See also WikiTree's source page for [[Space:Medieval_Lands|MedLands]].
}
}
==Biography==
=== Name and Titles ===:'''Name:''' Edmund of Langley, Duke of York Richardson, ''Royal Ancestry'', Vol I, pp. 88; Vol. II p. 122; Vol. V p. 445-449. [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20Kings%201066-1603.htm#EdmundLangleydied1402B Cawley, ''Medieval Lands'': Edmund of Langley] :Fifth son of [[Plantagenet-70 | Edward III]], King of England and [[Hainaut-42 | Philippa of Hainault]]. [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20Kings%201066-1603.htm#EdwardIIIdied1377B Cawley, ''Medieval Lands'' : Edward III] [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/HAINAUT.htm#PhilippaHainautdied1369 Cawley, ''Medieval Lands'' : Phillipa of Hainault]
:'''Titles:''' of Edmund of Langley:
:Duke of York - created 6 August 1385.
:Earl of Cambridge 1362
:Privy Councilor 1372, 1389, 1399:joint Lieutenant-Special and Captain General in France and Brittany 1374
:Constable of Dover Castle and Warden of the Cinque Ports 1376-1381
:Chief Captain of the Army for Portugal 1381-2
:Chief Justice of Chester and Flintshire 1385-7
:Guardian and Lieutenant of England 1394-5, 1396
:Castellan of Mortagne-sur-la-Gironde 1396
:Keeper of Fremantle Park 1397
:Steward of England 1399
:Master of royal mews and falcons
:Knight of the Passion of Jesus Christ
=== Birth ===:'''Born:''' 5 June 1341 at King's Langley Palace in King's Langley, Hertfordshire, England.
:'''Controversy regarding paternity:''' A 2014 Y-DNA study compared the DNA of Edward III’s descendants, namely Richard III and 5 men descended from Henry Somerset, 2nd Earl of Worcester. King, ''Nature Communications'' Richard III descended in the male line from Edward’s son Edmund of Langley, and Henry Somerset descended in the male line from Edward’s son John of Gaunt. The Y-DNA did not match. The press sensationalized the announcement to suggest that Edward III might not be the father of Edmund of Langley or John of Gaunt, or even of his other children. e.g. Knapton, S. (2014, December 02). Richard III DNA shows British Royal family may not have royal bloodline. Telegraph. [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/theroyalfamily/11268218/Richard-III-DNA-shows-British-Royal-family-may-not-have-royal-bloodline.html www.telegraph.co.uk] (Note Elizabeth of York's claim was through Lionel of Antwerp, not John of Gaunt.)
:However, this is an extremely poor analysis of the data. Certainly, there was a non-paternal event(s) somewhere in the line down to his gr-gr—grandson Richard III, or somewhere in the 24 to 26 generation descent in the Somerset lines. It is not possible to tell where the non-paternal event occurred from this study. At this point, all the children of Philippa of Hainault must be presumed to be the children of Edward III, King of England.
=== Marriage and Children ===:'''Married:''' ''1st -'' Isabel of Castile-Leon, daughter of Pedro I 'the Cruel', King of Castile and Leon by Maria Diaz de Padilla in September 1371 at Roquefort near Bordeaux, France. A second ceremony was held on 1 March 1372 at Hertford Castle in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England. She died 23 December 1392.
:'''Married:''' ''2nd -'' Joan Holand, daughter of Thomas de Holand and Alice de Arundel, before 4 November 1393. They had no children.
:Children of Edmund of Langley and Alice de Arundel: #Edward of York. Born about 1374 (age 28 in 1402). Married Philippe Mohun before 7 October 1398. Slain at the battle of Agincourt on 25 October 1415. No children.
#Constance of York.#Richard of York. Born about 20 July 1385 at Conisbrough Castle. He married 1st Anne Mortimer and 2nd Maud Clifford. Attainted and beheaded on 5 August 1415.
===Death and burial of Edmund of Langley===:'''Died:''' 1 August 1402 at King's Langley, Hertfordshire, England.
: Burial: Church of the Friars Preachers in King's Langley, Hertfordshire, England.
:From: Royal Tombs of Medieval England - "The fifth son of Edward III and Philippa of Hainault, Edmund was born at the royal manor of Langley in 1342 and died there on 1 August 1402. The duke was buried in the nearby priory church (Friars Preachers), as instructed by his will dated two years earlier. King's Langley was a Dominican house founded by Edward II in 1308 in the grounds of the royal manor-house, the result of a vow made when he was in 'great peril', most likely illness. Edward III took control of the building works in 1360, but the priory was still incomplete in 1399. Edmund's wife, Isabella of Castile, had been buried at King's Langley in 1394 on instructions from Richard II; according to Dugdale, Isabella's will left her burial-place to the king's discretion. There are no records of the King's Langley tombs. The priory surrendered to the crown in 1536, but was not dissolved until 1559, when the estate passed into private hands. The heraldic tomb-chest now standing in the north chapel of the King's Langley parish church is thought to have originated from the priory, and is usually ascribed to Edmund Langley, being moved to its present position in 1877. There is no effigy or inscription. The chest was executed in Purbeck marble with alabaster panels. In 1877 the tomb-chest was opened and found to contain the disturbed remains of a male about sixty and a female around forty, thought to be Edmund and Isabella." Duffy, ''Royal Tombs''. (2003):152-154.
== Sources ==
:Footnotes and citations:
:Source list:*Richardson, Douglas. ''Royal Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families, in 5 vols''. (Salt Lake City, Utah, 2013). See Vol I, pp. 88; Vol. II p. 122; Vol. V p. 445-449.
*Cawley, Charles. ''Medieval Lands: A Prosopography of Medieval European Noble and Royal Families'', Online at [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ Foundation for Medieval Genealogy Website].
*Duffy, Mark. ''Royal Tombs of Medieval England''. (2003):152-154.
* Peck, Francis. ''[[Space:Academia Tertia Anglicana|Academia Tertia Anglicana]]'' (Bettenham, London, 1727) [https://books.google.com/books?id=QxBJAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA5-PA28#v=onepage&q&f=false Page 28]
* Beltz, George. ''[[Space:Memorials of the Most Noble Order of the Garter|Memorials of the Order of the Garter]]'' (William Pickering, London, 1841) [https://books.google.com/books?id=4xwNAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA136 Page 136-40]
* Burke, Bernard. ''[[Space:Royal Descents and Pedigrees of Founders Kin|Royal Descents and Pedigrees of Founders Kin]]'' (Harrison, London, 1864) [https://archive.org/stream/royaldescentsped00burk#page/n69/mode/2up Page 55-63]
* Hope, Sir William Henry St. John. ''[[Space:The Stall Plates of the Knights of the Order of the Garter, 1348-1485|The Stall Plates of the Knights of the Order of the Garter, 1348-1485]]'' (A. Constable and Co., Westminster, 1901) [https://books.google.com/books?id=38sxAQAAMAAJ&pg=PT175 Plate XLIII]
*[[WikiPedia: Edmund_of_Langley,_1st_Duke_of_York]]
* ''[[Space:The Ancestor|The Ancestor]]'' (Archibald Constable & Co., Ltd., Westminster S.W., July 1902) No. 2, [https://archive.org/details/ancestorquarterl02unse/page/19 Page 19]: "The Shields of Arms on The Tomb of Edmund of Langley"
*Cawley, Charles. "[http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CONTENTS.htm Medieval Lands]": A prosopography of medieval European noble and royal families © by Charles Cawley, hosted by Foundation for Medieval Genealogy (FMG). See also WikiTree's source page for [[Space:Medieval_Lands|MedLands]].
Events
| Birth | 5 Jun 1341 | King's Langley, Hertfordshire, England | |||
| Marriage | 4 Nov 1393 | Joan "Duchess of York" Holland LG | |||
| Death | 1 Aug 1402 | King's Langley, Hertfordshire, England | |||
| Alt name | York | ||||
| Reference No | 14734175 | ||||
| Reference No | 15800154 | ||||
| Reference No | 60 |
Families
| Spouse | Joan "Duchess of York" Holland LG (1384 - 1434) |
| Father | Edward III "King of England" (1312 - 1377) |
| Mother | Philippa Hainaut (1314 - 1369) |
| Sibling | John "Duke of Lancaster" Plantagenet KG (1340 - 1399) |
| Sibling | Edward "the Black Prince, Prince of Wales" Plantagenet KG (1330 - 1376) |
| Sibling | Isabella "of England" Plantagenet LG (1332 - 1382) |
| Sibling | Joan "of England" Plantagenet (1335 - 1348) |
| Sibling | William Plantagenet (1337 - 1337) |
| Sibling | Lionel "Duke of Clarence" Plantagenet KG (1338 - 1368) |
| Sibling | Blanche "of the Tower" Plantagenet (1342 - 1342) |
| Sibling | Mary Plantagenet (1344 - 1361) |
| Sibling | Margaret "Countess of Pembroke" Plantagenet (1346 - 1361) |
| Sibling | William Plantagenet (1348 - 1348) |
| Sibling | Thomas "1st Duke of Gloucester, Earl of Buckingham, Duke of Aumale" Plantagenet KG (1355 - 1397) |