Individual Details

Philip Raiford

(Abt, 1649 - Abt, 1724)

"Philip Raiford arrived in Isle of Wight County, Virginia before 1680. He died there in 1724. After many years of research, the author has concluded that this Philip was the only bearer of the Raiford name to migrate to the American mainland, and that it is highly probable that the entire Raiford clan in America can trace its ancestry to him.

"Isle of Wight was the third of the original eight shires (counties) to be formed (in 1634) in the Colonly of Virginia, following the settlement at Jamestown in 1607. The name was given to the plantation in 1620 and to the county in 1637. Before renaming, the county bore the Indian name, Warrasqueoc, also spelled Warrosquoke. Other counties formed immediately subsequent to Isle of Wight were Nansemond in 1639, Norfolk in 1641, Northampton in 1642, and Surry in 1652. In 1749, Isle of Wight County was divided, and part of the original county was renamed Southampton County. Prior to 1710, no lands were patented west of Blackwater Creek, which later became the eastern boundary of Southampton County. Also, towns did not exist in Colonial Virginia prior to 1700, except in the cases of the Capital at Williamsburg, founded in 1699, and the port of Hampton, in 1680, and of course, Jamestown in 1607. Norfolk was not established until 1705. (HISTORY OF IVOR AND ITS ENVIRONS by E. M. Babb, 1965, page 4)

"The destruction by fires of the early records of Isle of Wight and all the records of Nansemond, where there were also Raifords in residence (as shown by contemporary North Carolina documents), makes it almost impossible to trace with accuracy the lineages of early families in that section of Virginia. (THE VIRGINIA GENEALOGIST, VOLUME 19, NUMBER 1, JANUARY - MARCH, 1975 by John Frederick Dorman. Washington, DC., page 59) Also, the Raiford name does not occur in any spelling in Nugent's CAVALIERS AND PIONEERS, which shows abstracts of the Virginia land patents to 1666 and the lists of headrights.

"From the foregoing statements, we may therefore conclude with plausibility that Philip was possibly born in England; and that he arrived in Isle of Wight County, Virginia, between 1666 and 1679. These entry dates correspond with the undocumented reference from McBee's THE LIFE AND TIMES OF DAVID SMITH, footnote 18 on page 12: "Philip had come in 1672 with John Hardy." This implies that John Hardy, who may have been a kinsman, may have sponsored the young Philip, who was possibly still a minor. Isle of Wight County records indicate that John Hardy was witness to certain land transactions as early as 1658; and in 1668, he served as a Justice of the Isle of Wight Court. It is possible that John Hardy returned to England and then brought the young Philip back with him in 1672. John Hardy died in 1677.

"The earliest found document bearing Philip Raiford's name is an indenture dated May 1, 1679, for the sale of 100 acres of land, the indenture having been made between George Peirce and his wife, Anne, and said Philip Rayford. (Isle of Wight County, Virginia, Will and Deed Book, Volume 1, Part 2, page 448) This indenture was acknowledged in court on October 9, 1680, and was witnessed by John Browne, John Fulgham, and John Smith. At the bottom of this indenture will be found the following: "Philip Rayford his mark is a cross of (on) the left ear taken from underneath the Cross which is his proper mark and ordered to be recorded by the court held the 9th of October, 1680." Although this "cross" probably refers to a cattle mark, it may perhaps be a reference to the "cross crosslet" appearing in the Raiford coat of arms and a carryover from English custom whereby legal documents were affixed with the arms of the participating parties.

"Next, in the County's Land Patent Book No. 7 (Isle of Wight County, Virginia, Land Patent Book No. 7, (1679-1689), page 69), located in the Virginia State Library in Richmond, there appears a grant of 350 acres of land from Lieutenant Governor Henry Chicheley to "Phill Wrayford," dated "the 23rd of April 1681." Additional grants totalling 950 acres were made to "Phillip Rayford" and are recorded in the County's Land Patent Book No. 10 (Isle of Wight County, Virginia, Land Patent Book No. 10, (1710-1719), pages 96, 119, and 231).

"There is also recorded in the Isle of Wight, Virginia, Will and Deed Book, Volume 1, Part 2, page 482, an indenture between "Phillip Rayford" and Thomas Mandue for the sale of land. This indenture is dated the 6th of October 1681, and was witnessed by John Brown and George Pierce. It was pledged in court on the 9th of June 1682, and ordered to be recorded. On page 467 of this same volume, there appears an indenture between George and Anne Peirce and "Phillip Rayford" for the sale of land. This indenture is dated the 9th of October 1681, and was witnessed by John Browne and Thomas Mandue. It was pledged in court on the 20th of October 1685, and ordered to be recorded. On page 569 of this same volume, there appears an indenture between "Phillip Rayford" and his wife, Sarah, and Thomas Harris, Jr., for the sale of land. This indenture is dated the 9th of February 1687, and was witnessed by John Brown and Philip Meccondine. Herein was mentioned, for the first time, a wife of Philip Raiford, they probably having been married between October 9, 1681 and February 9, 1687.

"In the Isle of Wight County, Virginia, Deed Book 1, there appears on page 16 a notice that "Phillip Rayford" brought suit against John Brown, but that a non-suit was granted for lack of evidence. This notice is dated January 9th, 1693. On page 7 of this same volume, there appears a notic that the court has adjudged John, an Indian belonging to "Phillip Rayford," to be eight years old. This notice is dated October 9th, 1693. Also appearing in this same volume, on page 94, is the notice that "I Phillip Rayford of the Isle of Wight County do ordain and appoint for me and in my stead John Giles of the aforesaid County Court, there to prosecute on my behalfe John Brown and John Williams and his wife until both the businesses are brought to judgement. As witness by my hand this 9th day of December 1693." This notice was witnessed by Richard Stone and Thomas Moore. On page 52 of this same volume, it appears that this case was finalized by the payment of tobacco as a settlement "to the satisfaction of all parties concerned." In this same volume, on page 89, there appears an indenture between William Carver and his wife, Jane, and "Phillip Rayford" for the sale of land adjoining the property of George Peirce. This indenture is dated January 8th, 1693 and was witnessed by William Kerle, William Kinchen, and Thomas Howell. One day later it was recorded in court. And on page 389 of this same volume, there appears a notice of a sale of land by George Williamson and his wife, Hester, to "Phillip Rayford." This notice is dated March 29th, 1708, and was witnessed by Francis Williamson and William Crumpler. It was recorded in court on the 9th of April 1708.

"On August 3, 1719, Philip Raiford sold several plots of land to his sons, Philip and William. This transaction contained pieces patented on November 13, 1713, and December 23 1717 (The Great Book 2, Part 1, page 279). And on December 3, 1723, Philip Raiford sold to "John Crumpler nephew" (for 6,000 pounds of tabacco) the land and plantation on which his son Matthew was living (The Great Book 2, Part 2, page 638). These two indentures appear to have been the last two transactions entered into by Philip Raiford, the immigrant.

"On July 23, 1724, Philip Raiford made his will. This is a very important document in the Raiford family history, for it not only names his children, but also names "my loving brother-in-law William Kinchen and my loving brother-in-law William Crumpler Trustees." From this one statement can be deduced with almost absolute certainty that Philip Raiford had at least one sister. In order for both William Kinchen and William Crumpler to have been brothers-in-law to Philip, either both Kinchen and Crumpler would have had to have been married to sisters of Philip, or one of them would have had to have been married to a sister of Philip and the other would have had to have been a brother to the wife of Philip. We know from other records of Isle of Wight County that William Kinchen married Elizabeth Ruffin, daughter of Robert Ruffin of Surry County. According to Chapman's ISLE OF WIGHT MARRIAGES, William Kinchen also married Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Joyner, whose will, dated August 13, 1734, was probated July 28, 1735. Therefore, we can conclude that William Kinchen probably did not marry a sister of Philip Raiford. Furthermore, in an indenture dated September 11, 1700, William Crumpler and his wife, Elizabeth, entered into a sale of land to William Johnson. There is no other mention in the records of Isle of Wight County of a wife of William Crumpler. Therefore, we may conclude with plausible probability that Philip Raiford had a sister, Elizabeth, who married William Crumpler; and that the wife of Philip Raiford, whose name was Sarah, was a sister of William Kinchen.

"Having established these relationships, let us review the will of Philip Raiford, the immigrant. His children are named in the following order: Robert, Mary, Anne, Patience, Sarah, William, Matthew, and Philip. The ages or order of births cannot be established by this document, but it would appear that Robert was the oldest son since he was appointed sole executor of his father's will. Witnesses to this will were nephews John Crumpler and William Crumpler, Jr. On the 28th of December 1724, the executor, Robert Raiford, appeared in court and the will of his father, Philip the immigrant, was proved by the witnesses and admitted to record. (THE GREAT BOOK 2, Part 2, page 164)

"No record has been found of any political or civil positions held, and the mention of any militia service is totally absent. This can be attributed to the probability that Philip was Anglican and may have been opposed to holding public office or serving in the militia. He was a substantial land holder and was not opposed to pursuing through the courts judgments against those he considered to have wronged him. So with his death in 1724, the life of Philip Raiford closed out at some seventy-five years, over fifty-two of which were spent in the New World, and during which was established the Raiford family in America.

"In El Dorado, Arkansas, the Philip Raiford Chapter of the Colonial Dames of the 17th Century was named to honor the Colonial ancestor of one of its founders, Mrs. Jesse Edwards." (From THE HISTORY OF THE RAIFORD FAMILY by William Russell Raiford, 1989, The Reprint Company, Publishers, Spartanburg, South Carolina. Pages 1 - 12.)

(NOTE FROM RALPH TERRY: William R. Raiford does not explain why he has assigned the birthyears of the children from 1675 through 1689. It appears that this was the listing used by the DAR, basing these dates on the 1687 birthdate of Matthew. I have adjusted the year of marriage of Philip and Sarah Raiford to correspond with these birthyears.)

"In the name of God amen I Phillip RAYFORD being of perfect mind & Memory thanks be to almighty God do make ordaine & appoint this my last Will & Testam.t first i bequeath my Soul unto almighty God hopeing thro' y.e meritt death & passion of my Saviour Jesus Christ to have full & free pardon of all my Sins & my body to be buried by my Exec.r hereafter named & as for my temporall Goods w.ch has pleased almighty God to bestow upon me I give & bequeath as followeth- Item I give unto my Loveing Son Rob.t RAYFORD my planta�on & all y.e land y.r ['there-'] unto belonging to him & his heires for ever & my Negro Sam unto my Son Robert after his mothers decease but if my Wife should marry then my Negro to be retur.d holy to My Son Robert, But ['if'] My Son Robert should dye without heires then my Negro to returne to my daughter Mary & if Mary should dye without heires then my Negro to returne to daughter Anne- Item I give to my Son Robert feather bed & furniture belonging to it y.t ['that'] is is [sic] in my Chamber, I give to my Son Robert RAYFORD one brass Kettle one pot three dishes three Basons three plates Six Spoons & one frying pann I Give to my Son Robert one Black horse y.t he now rides & all my Stock Cattle to be Equally devided between my Wife & my son Robert & Two Daughters Mary & Patience I give to my Son Robert all my Stock of horses & Mares & their increase that belong to me that is at John PARSONs only my said Son to give to ["my" struck out] give to my two daughters Sarah & Anne one Mare to Each of them if any be alive. Item I give to my daughter Mary feather Bed & furniture & one Young Mare that runs at my Son William RAYFORDs I give to my son W.m RAYFORD one Mare & Colt that is now in his possession. I give to my Son Matth.w RAIFORD all my whole Stock of ["Cattle of" struck out] horses & Mares thats at Roanoke & their Encreasce I give to my Son Phillip Raiford one Shilling and all the rest of houshold goods to be Equally devided between my Wife my son Robert & two daughters Patience & Mary and lastly I do ordaine and appoint my Son Robert RAIFORD my hole & Sole Exec.r of this my last will & Testam.t & my loveing Brother in law W.m KINCHEN & my loveing Brother in law W.m CRUMPLER Trustees to this my last Will & Testam.t revokeing & disannulling & makeing Void all former Wills heretofore made by me to w.ch I have put my hand & Seale here my Will Contained in half a Sheet of paper this 23 of July 1724. P.R. *Seale* Test [underlined] John CRUMPLER William CRUMPLER Jun.r. At a Court held for Isle of Wight Co.ty the 28 of Dec.r 1724 The last Will & Testam.t of Phillip RAYFORD was P'Sented by the Exec.r who made oath y.re to & being P'ved by the Witnesses is admitted to record: Test H. LIGHTFOOT ClCur" (Isle of Wight County, Virginai, Deeds, Wills, Great Book, Vol. 2, 1715-1726, p. 164 (2nd pagination) abstracted by Matt HARRIS - brackets, line breaks, & surname capitalization are Matt's.)

Events

BirthAbt, 1649Crediton, Devonshire, England
ChristenDecember 2, 1649Crediton, Devonshire, England
MarriageAbt, 1674Isle of Wight County, Virginia - Sarah Kinchen
DeathAbt, 1724Isle of Wight, Isle of Wight County, Virginia

Families

SpouseSarah Kinchen ( - )
ChildRobert Raiford (1683 - 1731)
ChildWilliam Raiford Sr. (1685 - 1766)
ChildMatthew Raiford (1687 - 1758)
ChildPhilip Raiford (1689 - 1748)
ChildMary Raiford (1691 - )
ChildAnne Raiford (1693 - )
ChildPatience Raiford (1695 - )
ChildSarah Raiford (1697 - )
FatherPhilip Wreyford (1623 - )
MotherFortune ( - )
SiblingElizabeth Raiford (1647 - )