Individual Details
Edward the Black Prince
(15 Jun 1330 - 8 Jun 1376)
thePeerage.com
Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales1
M, #101873, b. 15 June 1330, d. 8 June 1376
Last Edited=24 Jan 2013
Consanguinity Index=2.76%
Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales was born on 15 June 1330 at Woodstock Palace, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, EnglandG.2 He was the son of Edward III, King of England and Philippe d'Avesnes. He married Joan of Kent, Countess of Kent, daughter of Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent and Margaret Wake, Baroness Wake, on 10 October 1361.3 He died on 8 June 1376 at age 45 at Palace of Westminster, Westminster, London, EnglandG.3 He was buried at Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, EnglandG.3
Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales also went by the nick-name of 'the Black Prince'.1 He was created 1st Earl of Chester [England] on 18 March 1333.3 On 2 December 1333 he received a grant of Carisbrooke Castle and manors in the Isle of Wight.1 He was created 1st Duke of Cornwall [England] on 3 March 1337.3 He was created Prince of Wales on 12 May 1343.3 He was appointed Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) in 1348.3 He was created Prince of Aquitaine [England] on 19 July 1362.3,4 He was created Lord of Biscay and Castro Urdiales [Castille] on 23 September 1366.3 He abdicated as Prince of Acquitaine before 28 December 1375.3
Children of Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales
Sir John Sounders5
John de Galeis5
Edward of England5 b. c 1349
Child of Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales and Edith de Willesford
Sir Roger de Clarendon6 b. bt 1345 - 1360, d. 1402
Children of Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales and Joan of Kent, Countess of Kent
Edward of Angoulême7 b. 27 Jan 1365, d. Jan 1372
Richard II, King of England+8 b. 6 Jan 1367, d. 6 Jan 1400
Citations
[S6] G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume III, page 172. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 92. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families, page 93.
[S6] Cokayne, and others, The Complete Peerage, volume I, page 183.
[S105] Brain Tompsett, Royal Genealogical Data, online http://www3.dcs.hull.ac.uk/genealogy/royal/. Hereinafter cited as Royal Genealogical Data.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families, page 94.
[S37] BP2003 volume 3, page 4023. See link for full details for this source. Hereinafter cited as. [S37]
[S6] Cokayne, and others, The Complete Peerage, volume III, page 173.
Wikipedia
Edward of Woodstock known as the Black Prince (15 June 1330 – 8 June 1376),[1][a] was the eldest son of Edward III of England and he participated in the early years of the Hundred Years War. He died before his father and so never became king. His son inherited the Crown on the death of Edward III, becoming King Richard II of England.
Edward was created Duke of Cornwall in 1337. He was guardian of the kingdom in his father's absence in 1338, 1340, and 1342. He was created Prince of Wales in 1343 and knighted by his father at La Hogne in 1346.
In 1346 Edward commanded the vanguard at the Battle of Crécy, his father intentionally leaving him to win the battle. He was named the Black Prince after the battle of Crécy, at which he was possibly accoutred in black armour. He took part in Edward III's 1349 Calais expedition. In 1355 he was appointed the king's lieutenant in Gascony, and ordered to lead an army into Aquitaine on a Chevauchée, during which he pillaged Avignonet and Casteluaudary, sacked Carcassonne, and plundered Narbonne. The next year (1356) on another Chevauchée he ravaged Auvergne, Limousin, and Berry but failed to take Bourges. He offered terms of peace to King John II of France, who had outflanked him near Poitiers, but refused to surrender himself as the price of their acceptance. This led to the Battle of Poitiers where his army routed the French and took King John prisoner.
The year after Poitiers the Black Prince returned to England. In 1360 he negotiated the treaty of Bretigny. He was created Prince of Aquitaine and Gascony in 1362; his suzerainty disowned by the lord of Albret and other Gascon nobles. He was directed by his father to forbid the marauding raids of the English and Gascon free companies in 1364.
The Black Prince entered into an agreement with don Pedro of Castile and Charles of Navarre, by which Pedro covenanted to mortgage Castro de Urdiales and the province of Biscay to him as security for a loan; in 1366 a passage was thus secured through Navarre. In 1367 he received a letter of defiance from Henry of Trastumare, Don Pedro's half-brother and rival. The same year he after an obstinate conflict he defeated Henry at the Battle of Nájera. However, after a wait of several months, during which he failed to obtain either the province of Biscay or liquidation of the debt from Don Pedro, he returned to Aquitaine.
The Black Prince prevailed on the estates of Aquitaine to allow him a hearth-tax of ten sous for five years, 1368, thereby alienating the lord of Albret and other nobles; drawn into open war with Charles V of France, 1369; took Limoges, where he gave orders for an indiscriminate massacre (1370) in revenge for the voluntary surrender of that town to the French by its bishop, who had been his private friend.
The Black Prince returned to England in 1371 and the next year resigned the principality of Aquitaine and Gascony. He led the commons in their attack upon the Lancastrian administration in 1376. He died in 1376 and was buried in Canterbury Cathedral, where his surcoat, helmet, shield, and gauntlets are still preserved.
On 10 October 1361 the prince, who was then in his thirty-first year, married his cousin Joan, countess of Kent, daughter of Edmund of Woodstock, Earl of Kent, younger son of Edward I, and Margaret, daughter of Philip III of France, and widow of Thomas lord Holland, and in right of his wife earl of Kent, then in her thirty-third year, and the mother of three children. As the prince and the countess were related in the third degree, and also by the spiritual tie of sponsorship, the prince being godfather to Joan's elder son Thomas, a dispensation was obtained for their marriage from Pope Innocent VI, though they appear to have been contracted before it was applied for.[65] The marriage was performed at Windsor, in the presence of King Edward III, by Simon Langham, archbishop of Canterbury. According to Jean Froissart the contract of marriage (the engagement) was entered into without the knowledge of the king.[66] The prince and his wife resided at Berkhampstead in Hertfordshire.[67]
Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales1
M, #101873, b. 15 June 1330, d. 8 June 1376
Last Edited=24 Jan 2013
Consanguinity Index=2.76%
Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales was born on 15 June 1330 at Woodstock Palace, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, EnglandG.2 He was the son of Edward III, King of England and Philippe d'Avesnes. He married Joan of Kent, Countess of Kent, daughter of Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent and Margaret Wake, Baroness Wake, on 10 October 1361.3 He died on 8 June 1376 at age 45 at Palace of Westminster, Westminster, London, EnglandG.3 He was buried at Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, EnglandG.3
Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales also went by the nick-name of 'the Black Prince'.1 He was created 1st Earl of Chester [England] on 18 March 1333.3 On 2 December 1333 he received a grant of Carisbrooke Castle and manors in the Isle of Wight.1 He was created 1st Duke of Cornwall [England] on 3 March 1337.3 He was created Prince of Wales on 12 May 1343.3 He was appointed Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) in 1348.3 He was created Prince of Aquitaine [England] on 19 July 1362.3,4 He was created Lord of Biscay and Castro Urdiales [Castille] on 23 September 1366.3 He abdicated as Prince of Acquitaine before 28 December 1375.3
Children of Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales
Sir John Sounders5
John de Galeis5
Edward of England5 b. c 1349
Child of Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales and Edith de Willesford
Sir Roger de Clarendon6 b. bt 1345 - 1360, d. 1402
Children of Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales and Joan of Kent, Countess of Kent
Edward of Angoulême7 b. 27 Jan 1365, d. Jan 1372
Richard II, King of England+8 b. 6 Jan 1367, d. 6 Jan 1400
Citations
[S6] G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume III, page 172. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 92. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families, page 93.
[S6] Cokayne, and others, The Complete Peerage, volume I, page 183.
[S105] Brain Tompsett, Royal Genealogical Data, online http://www3.dcs.hull.ac.uk/genealogy/royal/. Hereinafter cited as Royal Genealogical Data.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families, page 94.
[S37] BP2003 volume 3, page 4023. See link for full details for this source. Hereinafter cited as. [S37]
[S6] Cokayne, and others, The Complete Peerage, volume III, page 173.
Wikipedia
Edward of Woodstock known as the Black Prince (15 June 1330 – 8 June 1376),[1][a] was the eldest son of Edward III of England and he participated in the early years of the Hundred Years War. He died before his father and so never became king. His son inherited the Crown on the death of Edward III, becoming King Richard II of England.
Edward was created Duke of Cornwall in 1337. He was guardian of the kingdom in his father's absence in 1338, 1340, and 1342. He was created Prince of Wales in 1343 and knighted by his father at La Hogne in 1346.
In 1346 Edward commanded the vanguard at the Battle of Crécy, his father intentionally leaving him to win the battle. He was named the Black Prince after the battle of Crécy, at which he was possibly accoutred in black armour. He took part in Edward III's 1349 Calais expedition. In 1355 he was appointed the king's lieutenant in Gascony, and ordered to lead an army into Aquitaine on a Chevauchée, during which he pillaged Avignonet and Casteluaudary, sacked Carcassonne, and plundered Narbonne. The next year (1356) on another Chevauchée he ravaged Auvergne, Limousin, and Berry but failed to take Bourges. He offered terms of peace to King John II of France, who had outflanked him near Poitiers, but refused to surrender himself as the price of their acceptance. This led to the Battle of Poitiers where his army routed the French and took King John prisoner.
The year after Poitiers the Black Prince returned to England. In 1360 he negotiated the treaty of Bretigny. He was created Prince of Aquitaine and Gascony in 1362; his suzerainty disowned by the lord of Albret and other Gascon nobles. He was directed by his father to forbid the marauding raids of the English and Gascon free companies in 1364.
The Black Prince entered into an agreement with don Pedro of Castile and Charles of Navarre, by which Pedro covenanted to mortgage Castro de Urdiales and the province of Biscay to him as security for a loan; in 1366 a passage was thus secured through Navarre. In 1367 he received a letter of defiance from Henry of Trastumare, Don Pedro's half-brother and rival. The same year he after an obstinate conflict he defeated Henry at the Battle of Nájera. However, after a wait of several months, during which he failed to obtain either the province of Biscay or liquidation of the debt from Don Pedro, he returned to Aquitaine.
The Black Prince prevailed on the estates of Aquitaine to allow him a hearth-tax of ten sous for five years, 1368, thereby alienating the lord of Albret and other nobles; drawn into open war with Charles V of France, 1369; took Limoges, where he gave orders for an indiscriminate massacre (1370) in revenge for the voluntary surrender of that town to the French by its bishop, who had been his private friend.
The Black Prince returned to England in 1371 and the next year resigned the principality of Aquitaine and Gascony. He led the commons in their attack upon the Lancastrian administration in 1376. He died in 1376 and was buried in Canterbury Cathedral, where his surcoat, helmet, shield, and gauntlets are still preserved.
On 10 October 1361 the prince, who was then in his thirty-first year, married his cousin Joan, countess of Kent, daughter of Edmund of Woodstock, Earl of Kent, younger son of Edward I, and Margaret, daughter of Philip III of France, and widow of Thomas lord Holland, and in right of his wife earl of Kent, then in her thirty-third year, and the mother of three children. As the prince and the countess were related in the third degree, and also by the spiritual tie of sponsorship, the prince being godfather to Joan's elder son Thomas, a dispensation was obtained for their marriage from Pope Innocent VI, though they appear to have been contracted before it was applied for.[65] The marriage was performed at Windsor, in the presence of King Edward III, by Simon Langham, archbishop of Canterbury. According to Jean Froissart the contract of marriage (the engagement) was entered into without the knowledge of the king.[66] The prince and his wife resided at Berkhampstead in Hertfordshire.[67]
Events
| Birth | 15 Jun 1330 | ||||
| Title (Nobility) | 1343 | Prince of Wales | |||
| Marriage | 10 Oct 1361 | Joan of Kent | |||
| Death | 8 Jun 1376 | ||||
| Alt name | Edward of Woodstock |
Families
| Spouse | Joan of Kent (1328 - 1385) |
| Child | King Richard II (1367 - 1400) |
| Father | King Edward III (1312 - 1377) |
| Mother | Philippe d'Avesnes (1311 - 1369) |
| Sibling | John of Gaunt (1340 - 1399) |
| Sibling | Lionel of Antwerp Plantagenet (1338 - 1368) |
| Sibling | Edmund of Langley (1341 - 1402) |