Individual Details
King Edward III
(13 Nov 1312 - 21 Jun 1377)
thePeerage.com
Edward III, King of England1
M, #101871, b. 13 November 1312, d. 21 June 1377
Last Edited=24 Jan 2013
Consanguinity Index=2.03%
King Edward III of England
Effigy in Westminster Abbey 2
Edward III, King of England was born on 13 November 1312 at Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England.3 He was the son of Edward II, King of England and Isabelle de France.4 He married Philippe d'Avesnes, daughter of Guillaume V (III) d'Avesnes, Comte de Hainaut et Graaf van Holland en Zeeland and Jeanne de Valois, on 24 January 1328 at York Minster, York, Yorkshire, England.5 He died on 21 June 1377 at age 64 at Sheen Palace, Surrey, England, from a stroke.6 He was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England.6
He was created 1st Earl of Chester [England] on 24 November 1312.7 He gained the title of Comte de Ponthieu et Montreuil [France] on 2 September 1325.5 He was created Duc d'Aquitaine [France] on 10 September 1325.8 He gained the title of King Edward III of England on 25 January 1327.9 He was crowned King of England on 1 February 1328 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England, and styled 'Rex Angliae, Dominus Hiberniae et Dux Aquitaniae.9' On 20 October 1330 he assumed personal rule over England, after overthrowing the Regents, his mother and Roger Mortimer.5 In January 1340 he claimed the title of King of France, which started the Hundred Years War.5
Edward's reign lasted 50 years. He was only 14 on his accession to the throne and the country was ruled by his mother Isabella and her lover Robert Mortimer. When he was 17 Edward took control and had Mortimer hanged and his mother imprisoned. He organised a professional army including trained long bow archers. In 1340 the English Navy beat the French thus winning control of the Channel and in 1346 he sailed with his son the Black Prince to start the 100 Years War in France. On Monday evening on 26 August 1346 he fought a French army three times the size of his at Crecy and the battle raged through the night into the next day. The French were annihilated and Edward followed this by laying siege to Calais and taking the town within 12 months. Gunpowder was used for the first time in this campaign but the real winner was the English long bow. At home, the Black Death raged and about 500,000 to 800,000 people died in England. On 19 Sept 1356 the Black Prince and his brother John of Gaunt slaughtered a French army twice their size at Poitiers. Under Edward, the House of Commons was developed as a means of raising taxes. Among institutions, justices of the peace were so titled in 1360, and Edward founded the Order of the Garter (1348). His parliaments were first divided into Lords and Commons (1332) and became fixed at Westminster, using English from 1362. He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.10
Children of Edward III, King of England and Alice Perrers
Joan (?)11
Jane (?)11
Nicholas Lytlington11 d. 1386
Sir John de Southeray11 b. c 1364, d. a 1383
Children of Edward III, King of England and Philippe d'Avesnes
Joan of England11
Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales+ b. 15 Jun 1330, d. 8 Jun 1376
Isabella of England+12 b. 16 Jun 1332, d. bt 17 Jun 1382 - 5 Oct 1382
Joan of England b. c Feb 1335, d. 2 Sep 1348
William of Hatfield b. b 16 Feb 1337, d. b 3 Mar 1337
Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence+13 b. 29 Nov 1338, d. 17 Oct 1368
John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster+ b. Mar 1340, d. 3 Feb 1399
Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York+ b. 5 Jun 1341, d. 1 Aug 1402
Blanche de la Tour Plantagenet b. Mar 1342, d. Mar 1342
Mary of England b. 10 Oct 1344, d. bt 1361 - 1362
Margaret of England b. 20 Jul 1346, d. a 1 Oct 1361
Thomas of England14 b. 1347, d. c 1348
William of Windsor b. 24 Jun 1348, d. b 5 Sep 1348
Thomas of Woodstock, 1st and last Duke of Gloucester+15 b. 7 Jan 1355, d. 8 Sep 1397
Citations
[S106] Royal Genealogies Website (ROYAL92.GED), online http://www.daml.org/2001/01/gedcom/royal92.ged. Hereinafter cited as Royal Genealogies Website.
[S130] Wikipedia, online http;//www.wikipedia.org. Hereinafter cited as Wikipedia.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 91. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families.
[S45] Marcellus Donald R. von Redlich, Pedigrees of Some of the Emperor Charlemagne's Descendants, volume I (1941; reprint, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A.: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2002), page 64. Hereinafter cited as Pedigrees of Emperor Charlemagne, I.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families, page 92.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families, page 115.
[S6] G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume III, page 171. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage.
[S6] Cokayne, and others, The Complete Peerage, volume III, page 172.
[S4] C.F.J. Hankinson, editor, DeBretts Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage, 147th year (London, U.K.: Odhams Press, 1949), page 20 . Hereinafter cited as DeBretts Peerage, 1949.
[S18] Matthew H.C.G., editor, Dictionary of National Biography on CD-ROM (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1995). Hereinafter cited as Dictionary of National Biography.
[S105] Brain Tompsett, Royal Genealogical Data, online http://www3.dcs.hull.ac.uk/genealogy/royal/. Hereinafter cited as Royal Genealogical Data.
[S6] Cokayne, and others, The Complete Peerage, volume II, page 69.
[S6] Cokayne, and others, The Complete Peerage, volume III, page 257.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families, page 113.
[S6] Cokayne, and others, The Complete Peerage, volume I, page 357.
Edward III, King of England1
M, #101871, b. 13 November 1312, d. 21 June 1377
Last Edited=24 Jan 2013
Consanguinity Index=2.03%
King Edward III of England
Effigy in Westminster Abbey 2
Edward III, King of England was born on 13 November 1312 at Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England.3 He was the son of Edward II, King of England and Isabelle de France.4 He married Philippe d'Avesnes, daughter of Guillaume V (III) d'Avesnes, Comte de Hainaut et Graaf van Holland en Zeeland and Jeanne de Valois, on 24 January 1328 at York Minster, York, Yorkshire, England.5 He died on 21 June 1377 at age 64 at Sheen Palace, Surrey, England, from a stroke.6 He was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England.6
He was created 1st Earl of Chester [England] on 24 November 1312.7 He gained the title of Comte de Ponthieu et Montreuil [France] on 2 September 1325.5 He was created Duc d'Aquitaine [France] on 10 September 1325.8 He gained the title of King Edward III of England on 25 January 1327.9 He was crowned King of England on 1 February 1328 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England, and styled 'Rex Angliae, Dominus Hiberniae et Dux Aquitaniae.9' On 20 October 1330 he assumed personal rule over England, after overthrowing the Regents, his mother and Roger Mortimer.5 In January 1340 he claimed the title of King of France, which started the Hundred Years War.5
Edward's reign lasted 50 years. He was only 14 on his accession to the throne and the country was ruled by his mother Isabella and her lover Robert Mortimer. When he was 17 Edward took control and had Mortimer hanged and his mother imprisoned. He organised a professional army including trained long bow archers. In 1340 the English Navy beat the French thus winning control of the Channel and in 1346 he sailed with his son the Black Prince to start the 100 Years War in France. On Monday evening on 26 August 1346 he fought a French army three times the size of his at Crecy and the battle raged through the night into the next day. The French were annihilated and Edward followed this by laying siege to Calais and taking the town within 12 months. Gunpowder was used for the first time in this campaign but the real winner was the English long bow. At home, the Black Death raged and about 500,000 to 800,000 people died in England. On 19 Sept 1356 the Black Prince and his brother John of Gaunt slaughtered a French army twice their size at Poitiers. Under Edward, the House of Commons was developed as a means of raising taxes. Among institutions, justices of the peace were so titled in 1360, and Edward founded the Order of the Garter (1348). His parliaments were first divided into Lords and Commons (1332) and became fixed at Westminster, using English from 1362. He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.10
Children of Edward III, King of England and Alice Perrers
Joan (?)11
Jane (?)11
Nicholas Lytlington11 d. 1386
Sir John de Southeray11 b. c 1364, d. a 1383
Children of Edward III, King of England and Philippe d'Avesnes
Joan of England11
Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales+ b. 15 Jun 1330, d. 8 Jun 1376
Isabella of England+12 b. 16 Jun 1332, d. bt 17 Jun 1382 - 5 Oct 1382
Joan of England b. c Feb 1335, d. 2 Sep 1348
William of Hatfield b. b 16 Feb 1337, d. b 3 Mar 1337
Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence+13 b. 29 Nov 1338, d. 17 Oct 1368
John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster+ b. Mar 1340, d. 3 Feb 1399
Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York+ b. 5 Jun 1341, d. 1 Aug 1402
Blanche de la Tour Plantagenet b. Mar 1342, d. Mar 1342
Mary of England b. 10 Oct 1344, d. bt 1361 - 1362
Margaret of England b. 20 Jul 1346, d. a 1 Oct 1361
Thomas of England14 b. 1347, d. c 1348
William of Windsor b. 24 Jun 1348, d. b 5 Sep 1348
Thomas of Woodstock, 1st and last Duke of Gloucester+15 b. 7 Jan 1355, d. 8 Sep 1397
Citations
[S106] Royal Genealogies Website (ROYAL92.GED), online http://www.daml.org/2001/01/gedcom/royal92.ged. Hereinafter cited as Royal Genealogies Website.
[S130] Wikipedia, online http;//www.wikipedia.org. Hereinafter cited as Wikipedia.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 91. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families.
[S45] Marcellus Donald R. von Redlich, Pedigrees of Some of the Emperor Charlemagne's Descendants, volume I (1941; reprint, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A.: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2002), page 64. Hereinafter cited as Pedigrees of Emperor Charlemagne, I.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families, page 92.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families, page 115.
[S6] G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume III, page 171. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage.
[S6] Cokayne, and others, The Complete Peerage, volume III, page 172.
[S4] C.F.J. Hankinson, editor, DeBretts Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage, 147th year (London, U.K.: Odhams Press, 1949), page 20 . Hereinafter cited as DeBretts Peerage, 1949.
[S18] Matthew H.C.G., editor, Dictionary of National Biography on CD-ROM (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1995). Hereinafter cited as Dictionary of National Biography.
[S105] Brain Tompsett, Royal Genealogical Data, online http://www3.dcs.hull.ac.uk/genealogy/royal/. Hereinafter cited as Royal Genealogical Data.
[S6] Cokayne, and others, The Complete Peerage, volume II, page 69.
[S6] Cokayne, and others, The Complete Peerage, volume III, page 257.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families, page 113.
[S6] Cokayne, and others, The Complete Peerage, volume I, page 357.
Events
| Birth | 13 Nov 1312 | ||||
| Title (Nobility) | 24 Nov 1312 | 1st Earl of Chester | |||
| Title (Nobility) | 10 Sep 1325 | Duc d'Aquitaine | |||
| Title (Nobility) | 25 Jan 1327 | King of England | |||
| Death | 21 Jun 1377 |
Families
| Spouse | Philippe d'Avesnes (1311 - 1369) |
| Child | Edward the Black Prince (1330 - 1376) |
| Child | John of Gaunt (1340 - 1399) |
| Child | Lionel of Antwerp Plantagenet (1338 - 1368) |
| Child | Edmund of Langley (1341 - 1402) |
| Father | King Edward II (1284 - 1327) |
| Mother | Isabelle de France (1293 - 1358) |