Individual Details
Lady Mary Stewart
(Bef May 1452 - Abt May 1488)
[[Category:House of Stewart]]
[[Category: Earls of Arran]]
[[Category:Charles Henry Browning Fraud]][[Category:Forsyth de Fronsac Fraud]][[Category:Edward_III_5th_Gen_Descendants]]
}
}
== Biography ==
===Family===Mary Stewart was the eldest daughter of [[Stewart-1166|James II]] of Scotland and [[Guelders-4|Marie of Guelders]], his queen-consort. Douglas Richardson. ''Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families,'' 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 1, pp. 662-665 BRUS 13. James II of Scotland iii. Mary Stewart. The exact date of her birth is unknown but thought to have been shortly before May 1452, which is the first time she is mentioned in a payment of her expenses at Falkland in May, 1452 on a journey from Stirling to St Andrews .Burnett, George (ed). ''Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum'' (Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: General Register House (1883), vol. 6 (1455-1460), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiuo.ark:/13960/t86h9223m&view=1up&seq=130 preface, pp.cxxvi-cxxvii, footnote 3].Burnett, George (ed). ''Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum'' (Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: General Register House (1882), vol. 5 (1437-1454), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951d004665126&view=1up&seq=653 p. 537]. There are frequent references to her after this time.Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1908), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/148/mode/1up vol. 5, p. 148].
Mary had four brothers: [[Stewart-2316|James III]] of Scotland; [[Stewart-3916|Alexander Stewart]], Duke of Albany, Earl of March, and Lord of Annandale and Man; [[Stewart-3917|David Stewart]], Earl of Moray; [[Stewart-3203|John Stewart]], Earl of Mar and Garioch; and one sister, [[Stewart-1165|Margaret Stewart]]. Her father was killed on 3 August 1460 during the siege of Roxburgh Castle and her mother died three years later on 1 December 1463. At the age of eleven, Mary found herself an orphan.
===Marriage to Thomas Boyd===[[Boyd-245|Robert Boyd]], who had in 1466 kidnapped the young king and taken him to Edinburgh Castle where he would be under Boyd's control, later himself became the guardian of James III and his younger brothers and assumed the positon of Lord Chamberlain of Scotland.Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1908), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/143/mode/1up vol. 5, p. 143]. In April 1467 Boyd arranged a marriage between Mary Stewart and his own eldest son, [[Boyd-546|Thomas Boyd]], thereby creating a stronger alliance between his family and the crown.Biographia Britannica. ''Boyde.'' London: W. Innys (1748), [https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=dRs2AQAAMAAJ&hl=en&pg=GBS.PA874 vol. 2, p. 875]. On 26 April of that same year, Thomas Boyd was created Earl of Arran.Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1908), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/147/mode/1up vol. 5, p. 147].
When, in July 1469, Thomas returned from a mission to Denmark escorting Princess Margaret (who was to be married to James III at Holyrood), it was to find that in his absence the king had been persuaded that his father and uncle were guilty of treason and Thomas himself was under suspicion.Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1908), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/147/mode/1up vol. 5, pp. 147-148]. His father, Lord Robert Boyd, managed to escape to England.Biographia Britannica. ''Boyde.'' London: W. Innys (1748), [https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=dRs2AQAAMAAJ&hl=en&pg=GBS.PA876 vol. 2, p. 876]. His uncle, Sir Alexander Boyd, was too ill to travel and confident that he would be able to successfully defend himself before parliament. He was not, however, allowed to produce evidence in his own defense but immediately taken to Castle Hill and beheaded. Mary met her husband's ship, warned him of the danger he was in, and immediately set sail with her husband back to Denmark. It is believed that they eventually travelled from Denmark through Germany and into France, where Thomas offered his services to Charles, the Duke of Burgundy,Clarke, Seymour. ''The Boyds of Penkill and Trochrig.'' Edinburgh: W. Blackwood and Sons (1909), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112058540284&view=1up&seq=35 p. 11]. who provided them with a home 'becoming their rank.' Thomas and his father were both attainted 22 November 1469.
:Two children were born to Mary Stewart and Thomas Boyd while they lived in exile:*[[Boyd-6883|Margaret Boyd]]; m(1) [[Forbes-211|Alexander Forbes]], 4th Lord Forbes;Weir, Alison. ''Britain's Royal Families. ''London: The Bodley Head (1989), p. 234. m(2) bef 9 Aug 1509 [[Kennedy-874|David Kennedy]], 1st earl CassilisPaul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1908), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/149/mode/1up vol. 5, p. 149].*[[Boyd-3207|James Boyd]], 2nd Lord Boyd of Kilmarnock; d. 1484Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1908), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/149/mode/1up vol. 5, pp. 149-150].
It has been said that James III, knowing of his sister's love for her husband and believing she would not willingly leave him, "....caused others to write to her and give her hope that his anger toward her husband might be appeased" if she were to return home and pleaded for him in person. Accordingly, Mary returned to Scotland where, instead of allowing her to protest her husband's innocence, her brother detained her at Kilmarnock Castle and threatened to have her marriage annulled.Biographia Britannica. ''Boyde.'' London: W. Innys (1748), [https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=dRs2AQAAMAAJ&hl=en&pg=GBS.PA877 vol. 2, p. 877]. '''''[see research notes]'''''
Thomas Boyd, earl of Arran, died in Antwerp sometime before 1474.Brydges, Sir Egerton. ''Collin's Peerage of England.'' London: J. Nichols and Co. (1812), [https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=mBUwAAAAYAAJ&hl=en&pg=GBS.PA518 vol. 1, p. 518]. The cause of his death is unknown, although some historians claim that he died of grief, and the Duke of Burgundy erected a large monument in Antwerp in his memory.
===Marriage to James Hamilton===Mary's second marriage, arranged by her brother the king, was to [[Hamilton-7026|James Hamilton]], 1st Lord Hamilton, who was 28 years older than she and one of her brother's most loyal supporters.Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1907), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun04paul/page/352/mode/1up vol. 4, pp. 352-353]. There were several charters granted to them and their heirs male dated 12 July 1474, which contained special provisions for any daughters born of their marriage.Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1907), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun04paul/page/353/mode/1up vol. 4, p.353].Anderson, John. ''Historical and Genealogical Memoirs of the House of Hamilton.'' Edinburgh: by the author (1825), [https://archive.org/details/historicalgeneal00ande/page/64/mode/1up p. 64]. A papal dispensation for their marriage was granted retroactively on 25 April 1476.Reg. Mag. Sig.; Theiner, ''Vetera Monumenta,'' 477, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1907), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun04paul/page/353/mode/1up vol. 4, p.353]. This dispensation was necessary because his (former) wife Euphame and Mary Stewart were related in the 3rd and 4th degrees of kindred; he had carnally known two women also related to Mary in the 3rd and 4th degrees of kindred; he had carnal relations with another woman in the 3rd degree of kindred; and he had also been married to another (unnamed) woman who was related to Mary in the 3rd and 4th degree of kindred.
:There were at least two children from this marriage:*[[Hamilton-849|Elizabeth Hamilton]]; m. [[Stewart-1359|Matthew Stewart]], 2nd earl Lennox; d. after 1531*[[Hamilton-1215|James Hamilton]], 1st earl Arran; b. c 1475Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun04paul/page/355/mode/1up vol. 4, p. 355]. Cokayne, George Edward. ''The Complete Peerage.'' London: George Bell and Sons (1892), [https://archive.org/stream/completepeerage02cokagoog#page/n153/mode/2up vol. 4, p. 140]. m(1) bef. 28 Apr 1490 [[Home-27|Elizabeth Home]];Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1907), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun04pauluoft/page/454/mode/1up vol. 4, p. 454].Douglas Richardson. ''Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families,'' 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 3, p. 324 HOUSTON 15. James Hamilton. m(2) bef. 23 Nov 1516 [[Beaton-31|Janet Beaton]];Historic MSS Commission. ''Manuscripts of the Duke of Hamilton.'' London: Eyre and Spottiswoode (1887), pp.51-52. [https://archive.org/details/manuscriptsofduk00greauoft/page/51/mode/1up Marriage banns Hamilton-Beaton]. Miscellany of the Maitland Club. ''The Hamilton Papers.'' Glasgow: W. Eadie & Co. (1847), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=msu.31293027343361&view=1up&seq=213 vol. 4,pt1, p. 199, no, 181] d. 26 Mar 1529Greig, Elaine Finnie. ''Hamilton, James, first earl of Arran.'' Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (23 Sep 2004), [https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/12079 available online by subscription].
===Death===James Hamilton, 1st Lord Hamilton, died 6 November 1479 and his widow, Mary Stewart, died about Whitsuntide 1488 at the age of 37.
==Research Notes==
::'''Were Mary and Thomas Boyd divorced?'''*There is major disagreement among historians regarding whether or not the king actually obtained a divorce and/or annullment of his sister's marriage. Most historians who believe that Mary's first marriage was annulled cite Buchanan's ''History of Scotland'' as their source. Buchanan, however, wrote his history a century after these events happened and, as his main patron was the earl of Murray (an arch enemy of the Hamiltons) his account may not have been impartial. Buchannan suggested that Hamilton married Mary in 1469 while Arran was still living ,and if a divorce or annullment was called into question, then the Hamilton family's connection to the throne would have been based on adultery. Hector Boece, who wrote ''A History of Scotland'' in 1536 (and whose translator, John Bellenden, was actually living during this time) said that "...the daughter of King James the second, after the death of Lord Boyd [earl of Arran], married the Lord Hamilton." Mr. Scott,another historian who normally agreed with Buchanan, stated only that "...the king detained the Countess of Arran from returning to her husband and urged her to file for a divorce, to which she would not consent....and she remained a widow until her marriage to Hamilton." It is also possible that the king actually intitiated a divorce that was never completed before the earl's death. Richardson states only that Mary was "....presumably removed from her husband" but does not mention any divorce. James Balfour Paul contradicts himself, mentioning in one instance that the earl's marriage with the king's sister was "declared null and void" and stating elsewhere that Lord Hamilton married Mary Stewart, "sister of King James III and widow of Thomas Boyd, earl of Arran."
::''' [[Hamilton-4770|Robert Hamilton]], Seigneur d'Aubigny, Incorrectly Identified as Son of James and Mary'''*''Britain's Royal Families, The Complete Genealogy'' lists one additional son from the marriage of James Hamilton and Mary Stewart, who is not mentioned by either Richardson or Balfour Paul: [[Hamilton-4770|Robert Hamilton]], Seigneur d'Aubigny; d. 1543. As a result, this second son has been cited not only in the peerage.com but in numerous family trees on ancestry and family search. This is an unfortunate error. "Seigneur d'Aubigny" was a title which belonged in the Stewart family (and was not used by the Hamiltons) and the fourth Seigneur d'Aubigny, who did indeed die in 1543, was [[Stewart-2957|Robert Stewart]], the 4th son of [[Stewart-1338|John Stewart]],earl of Lennox, and [[Montgomerie-12|Margaret Montgomerie]].Paul, SIr James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/349/mode/1up Vol. 5, pp. 349-350]. Accordingly, the profile of Robert Hamilton will be detached as a son of James Hamilton and Mary Stewart.
== Sources ==
:See Also:*Armstrong, C.A.J. (ed). ''A Letter of James III to the Duke of Burgundy.'' Miscellany of the Scottish Historical Society, 3rd series (1953), [https://digital.nls.uk/scottish-history-society-publications/browse/archive/125885864#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=31&xywh=-135%2C49%2C1755%2C2126 vol. 43, pp. 19-32].
*Brown, P. Hume. ''A Short History of Scotland.'' Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd (1908), [https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Short_History_of_Scotland/YjgQAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1 pp. 251-254].
*Cawley, Charles. ''Medieval Lands, Scotland, Kings.'' Foundation for Medieval Genealogy: Medieval Lands database, chapter 6, [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTLAND.htm#_Toc253996210 Stewart].
*Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1908), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/348/mode/1up vol. 5, p, 348]. (Stewart, Duke of Lennox)
*Richardson, Douglas. ''Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families'', 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2013. See also WikiTree's source page for [[Space:Royal_Ancestry|''Royal Ancestry'']]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Stewart,_Princess_of_Scotland Wikipedia: Mary Stewart, Countess of Arran]
== Acknowledgements ==Click the Changes tab to see edits to this profile. Thank you to everyone who contributed to this profile.
=== Magna Carta Project ===
}:This profile was revised by [[Stevens-17832|Jen Stevens]] in October and November 2020 and approved for the Magna Carta Project by [[Cayley-55|Michael Cayley]] on 10 November 2020.
:Mary Stewart appears in ''Magna Carta Ancestry'' in a Richardson-documented trail from [[:Category:Gateway Ancestors|Gateway Ancestor]] [[Houston-1467|Patrick Houston]] to [[:Category:Surety Barons|Magna Carta Surety Barons]] [[Clare-673|Gilbert de Clare]] and [[Clare-651|Richard de Clare]] (vol. II, pages 403-407 HOUSTON). The [[Project:Magna Carta|Magna Carta Project]] also identified this profile in trails between Patrick Houston and surety barons [[Bigod-1|Hugh le Bigod]], [[Bigod-2|Roger le Bigod]], [[De Vere-309|Robert de Vere]], and [[Quincy-226|Saher de Quincy]]. These trails have not yet been developed by the Project and are set out in the [[Houston-1467#Magna Carta Trails|Magna Carta Trails]] section of the Gateway's profile.
: See [[Space:Magna_Carta_Team_Base_Camp|Base Camp]] for more information about identified Magna Carta trails and their status. See the project's [[Space:Magna Carta Project Glossary|glossary]] for project-specific terms, such as a "badged trail".
[[Category: Earls of Arran]]
[[Category:Charles Henry Browning Fraud]][[Category:Forsyth de Fronsac Fraud]][[Category:Edward_III_5th_Gen_Descendants]]
}
}
== Biography ==
===Family===Mary Stewart was the eldest daughter of [[Stewart-1166|James II]] of Scotland and [[Guelders-4|Marie of Guelders]], his queen-consort. Douglas Richardson. ''Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families,'' 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 1, pp. 662-665 BRUS 13. James II of Scotland iii. Mary Stewart. The exact date of her birth is unknown but thought to have been shortly before May 1452, which is the first time she is mentioned in a payment of her expenses at Falkland in May, 1452 on a journey from Stirling to St Andrews .Burnett, George (ed). ''Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum'' (Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: General Register House (1883), vol. 6 (1455-1460), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiuo.ark:/13960/t86h9223m&view=1up&seq=130 preface, pp.cxxvi-cxxvii, footnote 3].Burnett, George (ed). ''Rotuli Scaccarii Regum Scotorum'' (Exchequer Rolls of Scotland). Edinburgh: General Register House (1882), vol. 5 (1437-1454), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951d004665126&view=1up&seq=653 p. 537]. There are frequent references to her after this time.Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1908), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/148/mode/1up vol. 5, p. 148].
Mary had four brothers: [[Stewart-2316|James III]] of Scotland; [[Stewart-3916|Alexander Stewart]], Duke of Albany, Earl of March, and Lord of Annandale and Man; [[Stewart-3917|David Stewart]], Earl of Moray; [[Stewart-3203|John Stewart]], Earl of Mar and Garioch; and one sister, [[Stewart-1165|Margaret Stewart]]. Her father was killed on 3 August 1460 during the siege of Roxburgh Castle and her mother died three years later on 1 December 1463. At the age of eleven, Mary found herself an orphan.
===Marriage to Thomas Boyd===[[Boyd-245|Robert Boyd]], who had in 1466 kidnapped the young king and taken him to Edinburgh Castle where he would be under Boyd's control, later himself became the guardian of James III and his younger brothers and assumed the positon of Lord Chamberlain of Scotland.Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1908), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/143/mode/1up vol. 5, p. 143]. In April 1467 Boyd arranged a marriage between Mary Stewart and his own eldest son, [[Boyd-546|Thomas Boyd]], thereby creating a stronger alliance between his family and the crown.Biographia Britannica. ''Boyde.'' London: W. Innys (1748), [https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=dRs2AQAAMAAJ&hl=en&pg=GBS.PA874 vol. 2, p. 875]. On 26 April of that same year, Thomas Boyd was created Earl of Arran.Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1908), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/147/mode/1up vol. 5, p. 147].
When, in July 1469, Thomas returned from a mission to Denmark escorting Princess Margaret (who was to be married to James III at Holyrood), it was to find that in his absence the king had been persuaded that his father and uncle were guilty of treason and Thomas himself was under suspicion.Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1908), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/147/mode/1up vol. 5, pp. 147-148]. His father, Lord Robert Boyd, managed to escape to England.Biographia Britannica. ''Boyde.'' London: W. Innys (1748), [https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=dRs2AQAAMAAJ&hl=en&pg=GBS.PA876 vol. 2, p. 876]. His uncle, Sir Alexander Boyd, was too ill to travel and confident that he would be able to successfully defend himself before parliament. He was not, however, allowed to produce evidence in his own defense but immediately taken to Castle Hill and beheaded. Mary met her husband's ship, warned him of the danger he was in, and immediately set sail with her husband back to Denmark. It is believed that they eventually travelled from Denmark through Germany and into France, where Thomas offered his services to Charles, the Duke of Burgundy,Clarke, Seymour. ''The Boyds of Penkill and Trochrig.'' Edinburgh: W. Blackwood and Sons (1909), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112058540284&view=1up&seq=35 p. 11]. who provided them with a home 'becoming their rank.' Thomas and his father were both attainted 22 November 1469.
:Two children were born to Mary Stewart and Thomas Boyd while they lived in exile:*[[Boyd-6883|Margaret Boyd]]; m(1) [[Forbes-211|Alexander Forbes]], 4th Lord Forbes;Weir, Alison. ''Britain's Royal Families. ''London: The Bodley Head (1989), p. 234. m(2) bef 9 Aug 1509 [[Kennedy-874|David Kennedy]], 1st earl CassilisPaul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1908), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/149/mode/1up vol. 5, p. 149].*[[Boyd-3207|James Boyd]], 2nd Lord Boyd of Kilmarnock; d. 1484Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1908), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/149/mode/1up vol. 5, pp. 149-150].
It has been said that James III, knowing of his sister's love for her husband and believing she would not willingly leave him, "....caused others to write to her and give her hope that his anger toward her husband might be appeased" if she were to return home and pleaded for him in person. Accordingly, Mary returned to Scotland where, instead of allowing her to protest her husband's innocence, her brother detained her at Kilmarnock Castle and threatened to have her marriage annulled.Biographia Britannica. ''Boyde.'' London: W. Innys (1748), [https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=dRs2AQAAMAAJ&hl=en&pg=GBS.PA877 vol. 2, p. 877]. '''''[see research notes]'''''
Thomas Boyd, earl of Arran, died in Antwerp sometime before 1474.Brydges, Sir Egerton. ''Collin's Peerage of England.'' London: J. Nichols and Co. (1812), [https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=mBUwAAAAYAAJ&hl=en&pg=GBS.PA518 vol. 1, p. 518]. The cause of his death is unknown, although some historians claim that he died of grief, and the Duke of Burgundy erected a large monument in Antwerp in his memory.
===Marriage to James Hamilton===Mary's second marriage, arranged by her brother the king, was to [[Hamilton-7026|James Hamilton]], 1st Lord Hamilton, who was 28 years older than she and one of her brother's most loyal supporters.Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1907), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun04paul/page/352/mode/1up vol. 4, pp. 352-353]. There were several charters granted to them and their heirs male dated 12 July 1474, which contained special provisions for any daughters born of their marriage.Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1907), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun04paul/page/353/mode/1up vol. 4, p.353].Anderson, John. ''Historical and Genealogical Memoirs of the House of Hamilton.'' Edinburgh: by the author (1825), [https://archive.org/details/historicalgeneal00ande/page/64/mode/1up p. 64]. A papal dispensation for their marriage was granted retroactively on 25 April 1476.Reg. Mag. Sig.; Theiner, ''Vetera Monumenta,'' 477, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1907), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun04paul/page/353/mode/1up vol. 4, p.353]. This dispensation was necessary because his (former) wife Euphame and Mary Stewart were related in the 3rd and 4th degrees of kindred; he had carnally known two women also related to Mary in the 3rd and 4th degrees of kindred; he had carnal relations with another woman in the 3rd degree of kindred; and he had also been married to another (unnamed) woman who was related to Mary in the 3rd and 4th degree of kindred.
:There were at least two children from this marriage:*[[Hamilton-849|Elizabeth Hamilton]]; m. [[Stewart-1359|Matthew Stewart]], 2nd earl Lennox; d. after 1531*[[Hamilton-1215|James Hamilton]], 1st earl Arran; b. c 1475Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun04paul/page/355/mode/1up vol. 4, p. 355]. Cokayne, George Edward. ''The Complete Peerage.'' London: George Bell and Sons (1892), [https://archive.org/stream/completepeerage02cokagoog#page/n153/mode/2up vol. 4, p. 140]. m(1) bef. 28 Apr 1490 [[Home-27|Elizabeth Home]];Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1907), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun04pauluoft/page/454/mode/1up vol. 4, p. 454].Douglas Richardson. ''Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families,'' 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 3, p. 324 HOUSTON 15. James Hamilton. m(2) bef. 23 Nov 1516 [[Beaton-31|Janet Beaton]];Historic MSS Commission. ''Manuscripts of the Duke of Hamilton.'' London: Eyre and Spottiswoode (1887), pp.51-52. [https://archive.org/details/manuscriptsofduk00greauoft/page/51/mode/1up Marriage banns Hamilton-Beaton]. Miscellany of the Maitland Club. ''The Hamilton Papers.'' Glasgow: W. Eadie & Co. (1847), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=msu.31293027343361&view=1up&seq=213 vol. 4,pt1, p. 199, no, 181] d. 26 Mar 1529Greig, Elaine Finnie. ''Hamilton, James, first earl of Arran.'' Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (23 Sep 2004), [https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/12079 available online by subscription].
===Death===James Hamilton, 1st Lord Hamilton, died 6 November 1479 and his widow, Mary Stewart, died about Whitsuntide 1488 at the age of 37.
==Research Notes==
::'''Were Mary and Thomas Boyd divorced?'''*There is major disagreement among historians regarding whether or not the king actually obtained a divorce and/or annullment of his sister's marriage. Most historians who believe that Mary's first marriage was annulled cite Buchanan's ''History of Scotland'' as their source. Buchanan, however, wrote his history a century after these events happened and, as his main patron was the earl of Murray (an arch enemy of the Hamiltons) his account may not have been impartial. Buchannan suggested that Hamilton married Mary in 1469 while Arran was still living ,and if a divorce or annullment was called into question, then the Hamilton family's connection to the throne would have been based on adultery. Hector Boece, who wrote ''A History of Scotland'' in 1536 (and whose translator, John Bellenden, was actually living during this time) said that "...the daughter of King James the second, after the death of Lord Boyd [earl of Arran], married the Lord Hamilton." Mr. Scott,another historian who normally agreed with Buchanan, stated only that "...the king detained the Countess of Arran from returning to her husband and urged her to file for a divorce, to which she would not consent....and she remained a widow until her marriage to Hamilton." It is also possible that the king actually intitiated a divorce that was never completed before the earl's death. Richardson states only that Mary was "....presumably removed from her husband" but does not mention any divorce. James Balfour Paul contradicts himself, mentioning in one instance that the earl's marriage with the king's sister was "declared null and void" and stating elsewhere that Lord Hamilton married Mary Stewart, "sister of King James III and widow of Thomas Boyd, earl of Arran."
::''' [[Hamilton-4770|Robert Hamilton]], Seigneur d'Aubigny, Incorrectly Identified as Son of James and Mary'''*''Britain's Royal Families, The Complete Genealogy'' lists one additional son from the marriage of James Hamilton and Mary Stewart, who is not mentioned by either Richardson or Balfour Paul: [[Hamilton-4770|Robert Hamilton]], Seigneur d'Aubigny; d. 1543. As a result, this second son has been cited not only in the peerage.com but in numerous family trees on ancestry and family search. This is an unfortunate error. "Seigneur d'Aubigny" was a title which belonged in the Stewart family (and was not used by the Hamiltons) and the fourth Seigneur d'Aubigny, who did indeed die in 1543, was [[Stewart-2957|Robert Stewart]], the 4th son of [[Stewart-1338|John Stewart]],earl of Lennox, and [[Montgomerie-12|Margaret Montgomerie]].Paul, SIr James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/349/mode/1up Vol. 5, pp. 349-350]. Accordingly, the profile of Robert Hamilton will be detached as a son of James Hamilton and Mary Stewart.
== Sources ==
:See Also:*Armstrong, C.A.J. (ed). ''A Letter of James III to the Duke of Burgundy.'' Miscellany of the Scottish Historical Society, 3rd series (1953), [https://digital.nls.uk/scottish-history-society-publications/browse/archive/125885864#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=31&xywh=-135%2C49%2C1755%2C2126 vol. 43, pp. 19-32].
*Brown, P. Hume. ''A Short History of Scotland.'' Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd (1908), [https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Short_History_of_Scotland/YjgQAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1 pp. 251-254].
*Cawley, Charles. ''Medieval Lands, Scotland, Kings.'' Foundation for Medieval Genealogy: Medieval Lands database, chapter 6, [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTLAND.htm#_Toc253996210 Stewart].
*Paul, Sir James Balfour. ''The Scots Peerage.'' Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1908), [https://archive.org/details/scotspeeragefoun05paul/page/348/mode/1up vol. 5, p, 348]. (Stewart, Duke of Lennox)
*Richardson, Douglas. ''Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families'', 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2013. See also WikiTree's source page for [[Space:Royal_Ancestry|''Royal Ancestry'']]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Stewart,_Princess_of_Scotland Wikipedia: Mary Stewart, Countess of Arran]
== Acknowledgements ==Click the Changes tab to see edits to this profile. Thank you to everyone who contributed to this profile.
=== Magna Carta Project ===
}:This profile was revised by [[Stevens-17832|Jen Stevens]] in October and November 2020 and approved for the Magna Carta Project by [[Cayley-55|Michael Cayley]] on 10 November 2020.
:Mary Stewart appears in ''Magna Carta Ancestry'' in a Richardson-documented trail from [[:Category:Gateway Ancestors|Gateway Ancestor]] [[Houston-1467|Patrick Houston]] to [[:Category:Surety Barons|Magna Carta Surety Barons]] [[Clare-673|Gilbert de Clare]] and [[Clare-651|Richard de Clare]] (vol. II, pages 403-407 HOUSTON). The [[Project:Magna Carta|Magna Carta Project]] also identified this profile in trails between Patrick Houston and surety barons [[Bigod-1|Hugh le Bigod]], [[Bigod-2|Roger le Bigod]], [[De Vere-309|Robert de Vere]], and [[Quincy-226|Saher de Quincy]]. These trails have not yet been developed by the Project and are set out in the [[Houston-1467#Magna Carta Trails|Magna Carta Trails]] section of the Gateway's profile.
: See [[Space:Magna_Carta_Team_Base_Camp|Base Camp]] for more information about identified Magna Carta trails and their status. See the project's [[Space:Magna Carta Project Glossary|glossary]] for project-specific terms, such as a "badged trail".
Events
| Birth | Bef May 1452 | Stirling Castle, Stirlingshire, Scotland | |||
| Marriage | Apr 1467 | Scotland - Lord Thomas "1st Earl of Arran" Boyd | |||
| Marriage | 12 Jul 1474 | Scotland - Sir James "6th Laird of Cadzow and 1st Lord Hamilton" Hamilton | |||
| Death | Abt May 1488 | Hamilton, Clydesdale, Lanarkshire, Scotland | |||
| Alt name | Boyd | ||||
| Reference No | 989100 | ||||
| Reference No | 1010274 | ||||
| Reference No | 60 |
Families
| Spouse | Lord Thomas "1st Earl of Arran" Boyd (1446 - 1473) |
| Spouse | Sir James "6th Laird of Cadzow and 1st Lord Hamilton" Hamilton (1423 - 1479) |
| Father | James Stewart (1430 - 1460) |
| Mother | Maria "Queen Consort of Scotland" Egmond-Gelre (1434 - 1463) |
| Sibling | James "King of Scotland" Stewart (1451 - 1488) |
| Sibling | Unnamed Infant Stewart (1450 - 1450) |
| Sibling | Alexander "1st Duke of Albany, 2nd Making" Stewart (1454 - 1485) |
| Sibling | David Stewart (1456 - 1457) |
| Sibling | John Stewart (1457 - 1479) |
| Sibling | Princess Margaret Stewart (1460 - 1503) |