Individual Details
John Hamilton
(Abt 1371 - Aft 1400)
[[Category:Scotland, Arbroath Profiles Needs Review]]
[[Category:Declaration of Arbroath, Edward Keith Family Worklist]]
}
}
== Biography ==
}
'''Sir John Hamilton, 4th Baron of Cadzow'''
Note that different authoritative sources list his offspring differently. The 2003 edition of Burke's (1) list the following:
:1. James
:2. Elizabeth
:3. Mary
and (illegitimate):
:4. Walter
:5. Thomas
whereas Anderson (2) lists:
:1. James
:2. David
:3. Thomas
:4. Catherine
and Hamilton (3) lists:
:1. James
:2. David
:3. Walter
:4. Catherine
Hamilton argues "On 20 May 1441, Sir James of Hamilton. Kt, Lord of Cadzow. granted to his cousin, ,James of Hamilton. son of the late Walter· of Hamilton. the lands of Raploche. (Witnesses: John of Hamilton and Gawaine of Hamilton brothers of the grantor, Arthur of Hamilton. Alexander of Hamilton and Thomas of Hamilton of Neilsland. This charter indicates, by its stated relationship of Sir James Hamilton to the grantee that the founder of the Raploch branch of the family was Walter Hamilton.
In relation to his reported first son however, as a result of extensive genetic genealogy research carried out by the Hamilton Surname Project, it has now been shown that contrary to popular belief John, the 4th Baron of Cadzow cannot have been the father of James (5th Baron of Cadzow).
Genetic testing of numerous descendants of James has shown that he carried a particular genetic marker on his Y chromosome. This marker, an SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism), is designated L-1237.
Similar testing involving descendants of John (ie James' half brothers) as well as descendants of John's non-lineal ancestors (uncles etc) has indicated that all of these males carry the SNP L-338.
This is further explained in the following extract (4):
Until a few years ago it was thought that James Hamilton (the 5th of Cadzow) was the son of John Hamilton the 4th of Cadzow but through the marvels of genetic testing it is now quite clear that this just cannot be. Who the actual father was is still a mystery but his genetic “finger-print” is known and the search goes on.
Two papers have been combined into one on the Internet and are highly recommended for anyone interested in exploring this mystery. One of the papers also gives an excellent account of the politics of the time providing an essential background to the emergence of this branch of the family.
Clearly James Hamilton was not a Hamilton in terms of bloodline but then what is a “Hamilton”. The first of the line to consistently use the surname Hamilton was David Hamilton around 1381:
He was the first of the family recorded as formally using the name Hamilton, appearing in a writ of 1375 as "David de Hamylton, son and heir of David fitz Walter", in 1378 he is styled as David de Hamilton and in 1381 as David Hamilton, Lord of Cadzow. (1).
So there is the first officially recorded Hamilton of the line in 1381, only a few years before the birth of James. Prior to that surnames thought to have been used by the male line of family include de Hamilton, fitz Walter, fitz Gilbert, Beaumont, Audemar, Harcourt, Sachsen and even Frithuwald. What is important is the blood-line because at that time the legitimacy of the birth radically affected the right and ability to inherit titles and property so the subterfuge successfully conducted by Janet and her entourage has had a long lasting effect on the family and its fortunes.
What the genetics also tell us is that the father of James and his step-father (John) shared a common ancestor possibly 2,000 years ago and he lived somewhere in what is now North Western Germany.
== DNA: Y-Chromosome Haplogroup ==
''' I-L338'''
The FTDNA Hamilton DNA Project lists this person as a Group A Hamilton and so all of his male line descendants will also be in this group which currently has a terminal SNP of A376 (further down the tree from L338). There have been several most recent SNPs discovered below A376 which help define various lines of his descendants down to the present day.
All male line descendants of this person will be the same haplogroup.For an explanation of Y chromosome testing for genealogy purposes see Wikipedia at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genealogical_DNA_test#Y_chromosome_.28Y-DNA.29_testing Y chromosome (Y-DNA) testing]Note STR patterns can be used to predict a haplogroup wheresas specific SNP testing accurately defines a haplogroup. The current approved haplotree can be found at[http://www.isogg.org/tree/index.html International Society of Genetic Genealogy]and the current haplogroup designations against specific SNPs can be found at
==Sources==
See also:*[http://www.isogg.org/tree/ISOGG_YDNA_SNP_IndexSource.html ISOGG.org] - Y-DNA SNP Source - a subpage of the SNP Index - 2006-2013
*The Hamilton Surname genetic genealogy project site: * [http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/g/a/gah4/HamDNA/GrpA.html Results for Group A or I1-1 (Haplogroup I1a2a1a1 or I-L338) ]*[http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/g/a/gah4/HamDNA/Results.html HAMILTON SURNAME DNA RESULTS AND DISCUSSION] - See particularly point 8.*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hamilton_of_Cadzow Wikipedia] - John Hamilton of Cadzow*[http://www.thepeerage.com/p2483.htm#i24827 Peerage] - Sir John Hamilton, 4th of Cadzow*Historical and Genealogical Memoirs of the Branches of the House of Hamilton, John Anderson, Edinburgh, 1825. p 49.* A History of the House of Hamilton, George Hamilton, J. Skinner and Co., Edinburgh. 1933 p 6.*The Maymore Hamiltons and Related Families, J. Leslie Hamilton, (2013 edition), Private Publication. p 9.
== Acknowledgements ==Thanks to [[Hamilton-4105| John Hunter]] , [[Myers-2993 | Jonathon Dale Walter Myers]] , [[Wolfe-522 | Herbert Wolfe]] and [[Petersen-214 | Sheri Sturm]] for starting this profile.
-- MERGED NOTE ------------
[[Category:Declaration of Arbroath, Edward Keith Family Worklist]]
}
== Biography ==
John was born about 1375, the son of Sir David Hamilton, 3rd of Cadzow, and Janet Keith. He should not be confused with his older brother, also named John (4th of Cadzow). He married Margaret Fraser.
== Sources ==
[[Category:Declaration of Arbroath, Edward Keith Family Worklist]]
}
}
== Biography ==
}
'''Sir John Hamilton, 4th Baron of Cadzow'''
Note that different authoritative sources list his offspring differently. The 2003 edition of Burke's (1) list the following:
:1. James
:2. Elizabeth
:3. Mary
and (illegitimate):
:4. Walter
:5. Thomas
whereas Anderson (2) lists:
:1. James
:2. David
:3. Thomas
:4. Catherine
and Hamilton (3) lists:
:1. James
:2. David
:3. Walter
:4. Catherine
Hamilton argues "On 20 May 1441, Sir James of Hamilton. Kt, Lord of Cadzow. granted to his cousin, ,James of Hamilton. son of the late Walter· of Hamilton. the lands of Raploche. (Witnesses: John of Hamilton and Gawaine of Hamilton brothers of the grantor, Arthur of Hamilton. Alexander of Hamilton and Thomas of Hamilton of Neilsland. This charter indicates, by its stated relationship of Sir James Hamilton to the grantee that the founder of the Raploch branch of the family was Walter Hamilton.
In relation to his reported first son however, as a result of extensive genetic genealogy research carried out by the Hamilton Surname Project, it has now been shown that contrary to popular belief John, the 4th Baron of Cadzow cannot have been the father of James (5th Baron of Cadzow).
Genetic testing of numerous descendants of James has shown that he carried a particular genetic marker on his Y chromosome. This marker, an SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism), is designated L-1237.
Similar testing involving descendants of John (ie James' half brothers) as well as descendants of John's non-lineal ancestors (uncles etc) has indicated that all of these males carry the SNP L-338.
This is further explained in the following extract (4):
Until a few years ago it was thought that James Hamilton (the 5th of Cadzow) was the son of John Hamilton the 4th of Cadzow but through the marvels of genetic testing it is now quite clear that this just cannot be. Who the actual father was is still a mystery but his genetic “finger-print” is known and the search goes on.
Two papers have been combined into one on the Internet and are highly recommended for anyone interested in exploring this mystery. One of the papers also gives an excellent account of the politics of the time providing an essential background to the emergence of this branch of the family.
Clearly James Hamilton was not a Hamilton in terms of bloodline but then what is a “Hamilton”. The first of the line to consistently use the surname Hamilton was David Hamilton around 1381:
He was the first of the family recorded as formally using the name Hamilton, appearing in a writ of 1375 as "David de Hamylton, son and heir of David fitz Walter", in 1378 he is styled as David de Hamilton and in 1381 as David Hamilton, Lord of Cadzow. (1).
So there is the first officially recorded Hamilton of the line in 1381, only a few years before the birth of James. Prior to that surnames thought to have been used by the male line of family include de Hamilton, fitz Walter, fitz Gilbert, Beaumont, Audemar, Harcourt, Sachsen and even Frithuwald. What is important is the blood-line because at that time the legitimacy of the birth radically affected the right and ability to inherit titles and property so the subterfuge successfully conducted by Janet and her entourage has had a long lasting effect on the family and its fortunes.
What the genetics also tell us is that the father of James and his step-father (John) shared a common ancestor possibly 2,000 years ago and he lived somewhere in what is now North Western Germany.
== DNA: Y-Chromosome Haplogroup ==
''' I-L338'''
The FTDNA Hamilton DNA Project lists this person as a Group A Hamilton and so all of his male line descendants will also be in this group which currently has a terminal SNP of A376 (further down the tree from L338). There have been several most recent SNPs discovered below A376 which help define various lines of his descendants down to the present day.
All male line descendants of this person will be the same haplogroup.For an explanation of Y chromosome testing for genealogy purposes see Wikipedia at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genealogical_DNA_test#Y_chromosome_.28Y-DNA.29_testing Y chromosome (Y-DNA) testing]Note STR patterns can be used to predict a haplogroup wheresas specific SNP testing accurately defines a haplogroup. The current approved haplotree can be found at[http://www.isogg.org/tree/index.html International Society of Genetic Genealogy]and the current haplogroup designations against specific SNPs can be found at
==Sources==
See also:*[http://www.isogg.org/tree/ISOGG_YDNA_SNP_IndexSource.html ISOGG.org] - Y-DNA SNP Source - a subpage of the SNP Index - 2006-2013
*The Hamilton Surname genetic genealogy project site: * [http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/g/a/gah4/HamDNA/GrpA.html Results for Group A or I1-1 (Haplogroup I1a2a1a1 or I-L338) ]*[http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/g/a/gah4/HamDNA/Results.html HAMILTON SURNAME DNA RESULTS AND DISCUSSION] - See particularly point 8.*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hamilton_of_Cadzow Wikipedia] - John Hamilton of Cadzow*[http://www.thepeerage.com/p2483.htm#i24827 Peerage] - Sir John Hamilton, 4th of Cadzow*Historical and Genealogical Memoirs of the Branches of the House of Hamilton, John Anderson, Edinburgh, 1825. p 49.* A History of the House of Hamilton, George Hamilton, J. Skinner and Co., Edinburgh. 1933 p 6.*The Maymore Hamiltons and Related Families, J. Leslie Hamilton, (2013 edition), Private Publication. p 9.
== Acknowledgements ==Thanks to [[Hamilton-4105| John Hunter]] , [[Myers-2993 | Jonathon Dale Walter Myers]] , [[Wolfe-522 | Herbert Wolfe]] and [[Petersen-214 | Sheri Sturm]] for starting this profile.
-- MERGED NOTE ------------
[[Category:Declaration of Arbroath, Edward Keith Family Worklist]]
}
== Biography ==
John was born about 1375, the son of Sir David Hamilton, 3rd of Cadzow, and Janet Keith. He should not be confused with his older brother, also named John (4th of Cadzow). He married Margaret Fraser.
== Sources ==
Events
| Birth | Abt 1371 | Lanarkshire, Scotland | |||
| Birth | Abt 1375 | Scotland | |||
| Marriage | 1388 | Cadzow, Lanarkshire, Scotland - Janet "Janet" Douglas | |||
| Death | Aft 1400 | ||||
| Death | Abt 14 Sep 1402 | Battle of Homildon, Northumberland, England | |||
| Alt name | John "the younger, 1st of Bardowie" Hamilton | ||||
| Reference No | 1427186 | ||||
| Reference No | 1450939 | ||||
| Reference No | 60 | ||||
| Reference No | 14458781 | ||||
| Reference No | 15496313 |
Families
| Spouse | Janet "Janet" Douglas (1379 - 1410) |
| Child | Mary Hamilton (1402 - 1442) |
| Child | Margery Catherine Hamilton (1391 - ) |
| Child | Walter Hamilton (1400 - ) |
| Child | Elizabeth Hamilton (1400 - ) |
| Child | Catherine Hamilton (1406 - ) |
| Child | Thomas Hamilton (1410 - ) |
| Father | Sir David "3rd Laird Cadzow" Hamilton (1335 - 1392) |
| Mother | Lady Janet "Johanna of Galston" Keith (1340 - 1406) |
| Sibling | Elizabeth Hamilton (1360 - ) |
| Sibling | William Hamilton (1373 - ) |