Individual Details

STANFORD COREY

(1851 - Apr 1932)

Stanford is our Corey Mountain Man.

When Stanford Corey was seventy-seven years old, he was interviewed by a newspaper reporter for The Vancouver Evening Sun, and in six articles described in detail the exciting and hard life of a placer miner in the Mountains of British Columbia. Here is an abridged version of that story:

Getting to B.C.

"As I am a poor writer, my hand shaky, and my sight dim, it will be hard for me to explain my personal experiences in mining in British Columbia. I was born in the backwoods of New Brunswick. In my early teens we were hearing of how they were picking up gold in California. That soiunded good to me. I asked my father to let me go to California, that I might pick up the gold, but he said I was too young. However, I kept after him until he gave me permission to go.

"When I got to California, I heard that many thousands had gone to British Columbia. The next boat was leaving in four weeks. I came from San Francisco to Victoria on April 7, 1867. I strapped my first pack for the trail to the Cariboo that same spring. Before reaching the Cariboo my feet were sore and the pack straps had worn the skin off my shoulders. Meeting an old miner, he advised me to stake a claim alongside him, and I did.

"This was on William's Creek. The miner advised me to go back of him towards the hills. He said he had been there and had found good specimens. With him I got acquainted with handling the rocker and cleaning up. He gave me an old rocker and I packed in. I was then 18 years old. I went toward the hills for about two miles amd commenced work on my own, and I have been virtually alone in all of my prospecting since.

[picture of Stanford Corey]

"I worked steady and hard for four years with good results. We had been told gold was so thick we needed only longhandled shovels, and the Hudson's Bay Fur Trading Company was doing a big business in long-handled shovels. I bought one, but I can't say I ever actually shovelled my gold.

"It was while I was in the Cariboo that I first began roaming in the mountains in the winter time, and that is how it came about that I saw the vast possibilities of the mountain meadows.

Barkerville Gold Days

"I want to tell you about the old Cariboo camp at Barkerville. From 1867 to 1871 I worked the same claim. In 1868 I carried around a petition for Confederation. The fall of 1869 was very wet, and the Cariboo Road was completely worn out by the six- and eight-ox teams. In the town of Barkerville meals cost $2. You got pork and beans and salaration bread. In 1871 after the summer cleanup, I went home for a visit to New Brunswick, and put in the time there threshing. I got back to the Cariboo for the following spring, and worked on the same claim in 1872 and 1873.

"Humanity doesn't change much. Gamblers and gunmen began coming in from California. Old miners began to disappear mysteriously after they had made a clean up. The California miners had had years of experience with these toughs, so they took the situation in hand and began to clean them out. Guns were freely used to administer the law. We had only one sentence for the Outlaws: "Get our or be buried!"

"About this time I got restless and broke out for the Cassiar District. It was there two years. I became a sort of scout for men who wanted to engage in ranching. I left the Cassiar in 1876 and was on the Skagit River looking for good locations.

The North! The North!

"For many years while I was working in the Cariboo district, the North was the bull's eye to me. The longer I turned down the thought, the more it spread through my system. The North! The North! The time had come to start North.

"In 1879 I left Victoria and on December 19 I got to Sitka Alaska. When I came to Chilkoot Pass, I hired 16 Indians to help pack me over the summit. They worked for $1 a day and their food. They were two days packing me up, and I paid them $2 a piece.

"I arrived on a small branch of the Yukon, near a Hudson's Bay Fur trading post, of which I never learned the name, and where on two visits I got very little information.

"I went only a short distance from the post on a creek branch of the Yukon, and took more than $3,000 in fine gold and nuggets in the short summer. I believe if I had gone 5 or 10 miles farther from the Big River, I would have struck it much richer.

How cold was it?

"When the river froze that fall, that was in 1880. I bided my time until enough snow had fallen and late in the fall of 1880 I started for the Mackenzie river. I am unable to say what impulse stirred me to strike out into that unknown wilderness alone. However, I had thoroughly studied the need of winter outfitting and with my dogs and sled, with plenty of ammunition to last me two or three years, I believed I could find a new gold country. I studied it out and struck a straight line to where I thought the mouth of the Mackenzie would be. The cold was getting more extreme all the time, and the twilight had disappeared. I travelled all of the trip after that for three weeks in the dark.

"By the light of the northern stars I felt like I was at the top of the world. It was hard travelling. It grew so cold the snow froze hard and the ice packed between the dogs' feet, and I had to bite it out. I would sleep among the dogs when I could not keep going any longer. Often I would have to stop and permit the dogs feet to heal.

Prospecting by candlelight

"Whenever I saw a square wall of rock I would climb it and try it out with my pick. I knew the heft of granite from rock and freestone. I had to light my candle for examining the heavy rock. I was full of curiosity about the mineral deposits of those hills, and I can say now that there are millions in gold in that country.

"I lost all track of day or date, and did not get back to calendar days until I got back to Victoria four years later."

A caution from the reporter

At this point in the narrative, the reporter, Lawrence Donovan, cautions the reader, pointing out that what follows is "one of the most amazing series of adventures and escapes that ever befell a prospector in British Columbia." Whether Stanford embellishes his tale in any way seems beside the point. He is a fine story teller, and, believe it or not, the reader should enjoy the sheer excitement of the telling.

How to barbecue three moose and two sheep

"You may wonder how I kept my grub supply. I had big cookings. My biggest cooking, I remember, was when I cooked three moose and two sheep all at one time.

"First I would cut a fall of trees and get a great fire going. Then I'd thaw the ground and shovel it until I had a saucer shaped hole. I would keep piling on the logs. While the great fire was burning I cut stacks of cedar boughs and little poles and pile them up ready for the big heating. I threw stones and rocks into the saucer and kept the fire burning until all the stones were red hot.

"I split the carcasses of the moose and sheep, making ham and shoulders, sides and back. I laid cedar boughs over the rocks and placed the meat across the layers. Then I laid more poles and piled more layers of cedar boughs on top. Over all this I shovelled the thawed out dirt and packed it over the top until it was nearly airtight. This probably was one of the first fireless cookers.

"I would leave this alone for 10 or 12 hours, then I pulled the dirt off. When I opened the pit the meat would be so thoroughly cooked the bones pulled right out. I took a piece at a time whileit was still hot and cut this meat into strips. It would pack neatly on the load and be easily sliced.

Gold! Gold! Gold!

"Into the valley of death men have gone. Many have never come out. When I got to the Mackenzie I began propecting along the river gravel bars. There was great encouragement there, and I found heavy gold and the place was rich with it. I camped out until the spring of 1884, then I came back to Vancouver.

World traveller

"I landed in Victoria on February 9, 1885. I had reached something like $11,000 from the Mackenzie River gold. I decided to take a holiday. I had been long in the woods, where I could hear nothing, see nothing, and had no chance to read. So I dressed up in the mode of the day in a tall silk hat to go around the world.

"I wanted to take in all the old ancient cities of the world. I travelled through Palestine and Egypt. I was in Jerusalem five different times, and I visited the volcanoes of Italy and Sicily. I spent four years, and to save money I travelled by foot, crossing the desert roads of the Holy Land. I found this out - there is no money made in the cities! I found lots of people travelling by donkey, and I went to the second gate of Egypt.

"I was in Egypt twice. The second time, I travelled the tail blazed by Moses and his party out to the Red Sea. I saw the Red Sea 'Gate of Obedience' where the gate swings only one way. I often think of that principle in life - you can go through, but you never can come back!

"I wanted to take the heat, and the worst was in Persia. The underground quarters of Rome and Turkey were terrible places, but those of Persia surpassed them all. At that time those people claimed that no power on earth could make a law to rule them.

"I had guides and guards to those places, and saw things a man can't talk about.

Is that a cannibal I see before me?

"Coming from Shanghai to Sydney, New South Wales on a steam brigantine, we ran into a strong gale in the China Sea. They were reefing the sails when the wind changed suddenly and the sails and spars began to fly through the air. The pilot house, the stacks, and the boats all went overboard. We were all fastened below.

"At the time we were making for the New Guinea Islands. The Captain told us these were Cannibal Islands, and that it would be better to be drowned than to be shipwrecked there. The ship broke on the rocks and only two of us got to shore. The bartender and myself landed after clinging to a piece of smashed wood.

"A lot of natives swarmed around us and all I could think of doing was entertain them with my jack knife and gold watch. They were afraid of the watch and the ticking inside, and when I held it up to their ears, they would stand away from me. They seized the bartender and I never saw him again. I think I was saved because I showed the natives what to do with the supplies and bedding we got from the ship.

"I was there several days and one day I signalled a small schooner with a sheer, and they sent a life boat and took me off. The schooner was bound for New Zealand while the insurance company was making adjustments.

The skin bone's connected to the ankle bone

"Sometimes I think those who survive in life must learn surgery. It is not always applied physically. Life is made up of repairing broken things - wrong opinions, our mistakes, penalties of bad judgment.

"So one day late in the fall, on a mountainside of loose shale, I heard rock falling. Stones began flying about me. One must have struck me on the head. When I awakened my whole left arm was broken below the elbow, and my right leg smashed below the knee. Later I found five ribs were broken. I grew sick and must have slept. When I wakened I knew I had to get out of this. I got a forked limb and stuck it between the rocks and stuck my left hand in it, then I pulled until I could hear the bone slip into place. Using strips of my shirt and some slender withes of tree branches, I bound up my arm.

"I was wearing heavy high boots, and above the ankle the bone stuck out. Near the knee the same bone was through the flesh. Once more I worked the forked stick. I got my foot into it and pulled and I pressed the bones back into the flesh the best I could. I must have slept fifty times, but I woke up and kept at it.

"The second morning I managed to fasten my left foot doubled back of my thigh and on that knee, the other leg, and one hand, I started back to the supply camp. It was several miles to my last supply camp, and a river, difficult to cross, lay between. I didn't pray much for help, but I thanked God many times for giving me this chance.

"I guess I did not make more that two or three miles a day, and at last I came to that river. I figured that if I could let the weight of the water hold me down I might crawl across without being swept away. The first stretch was short and I managed it. The last stretch was a pool that looked deep. I tried it but I was too tired and the water swept me off the edge. I went over the pool and under, and once I thought it was the last. But I got my foot into a rift in the rock and shoved myself toward the far side. I made it and got my head and shoulders out, and must have slept a long time, for when I awakened it was dark and I had hardly any feeling and strength enough to drag myself out.

"At last I came to the camp, and you can bet I wasn't long getting a fire going and drinking some hot beef tea. It was three or four weeks before I could leave camp, but my leg and arm healed nicely, and pretty soon I got to my boat and amused myself fishing and doing some shooting with my shot gun.

"I never gave up. You never know what you can do until you have to do it. There's no fun in giving up."

Stanford's later life

Stanford tells us that he returned home to New Brunswick in 1891, then returned to the Mackenzie. He spent the rest of his life in an endless search for the elusive gold. In 1928, when Stanford was 77 years old, Laurence Donovan, reporter for the Vancouver Evening Sun, interviewed Stanford, writing: "When in Vancouver, Corey makes his headquarters at a private home on Georgia Street East. He is a bent figure of a man, blue eyes set in a skin tanned to the colour of parchment, but his eyes are clear, steady and undimmed. Possibly he never will be immortalized in history. But then again, he may be.

"Once Corey made his stake. Oh, maybe it was a few thousand, or a hundred thousand. It doesn't matter. Anyway, for four years the lone prospector vanished from the land in which he had pioneered. In that four years he lived under 37 flags, and in one country where there was no flag. 'I wanted to see the world,' he explained, 'For four years I travelled and studied and enlarged my views of man. And then, first thing I knew, I was carrying a 50-pound pack in the Cariboo and enjoying life again. No, never made much at it. You see, the seasons for placer mining are short and the winters have used up all I've panned out in the summers. Got hung up this year. Didn't get started early enough, and besides, I'm begining to get a bit tippy. Can't keep my balance."

Stanford died in Vancouver in 1932, aged 81.

References: "TheTrail-Blazer - Being the Narrative of a Soldier of the Dominion, whose Uniform has been Blue Overalls, and Arms the Pick and Shovel," as told by Stanford Corey to Laurence Donovan, Copyright 1916, a series of six articles, paper not identified but perhaps the Vancouver Evening Sun, where Donovan was working in 1928: Laurence Donovan, "Stanford Corey, 77, Has Explored All Way to Arctic, "Vancouver Evening Sun, presumably in 1928, when Stanford would have been 77, if he had given his correct age. [Corey Book]

Events

Birth1851
DeathApr 1932Vancouver, British Columbia

Families

FatherJAMES GARDNER COREY (1820 - 1893)
MotherANNE NANCY KEITH (1824 - 1854)
SiblingAZEL COREY (1846 - 1872)
SiblingAUGUSTA COREY (1848 - )
SiblingELI COREY (1849 - 1902)

Endnotes