Individual Details

EBENEZER RIDER U.E.L.

(3 May 1746 - 6 Jul 1784)

Farmer in Southeast, NY during the Rev. War. On the tax list of Phillipse Patent, 1797. During the War he refused to fight on either side. He appears on a list, dated 1776:Oc20, of persons in Dutchess Co. NY ordered by the State Committee "appointed for enquiring into, detecting and defeating all Conspiracies which may be formed in the said State against the liberties of America" to be forthwith "disarm'd, apprehanded and secured" He is listed, 1781:Jy, as one of those whose estates were confiscated by the Commissioners of Sequestration . He is mentioned in his father's will. He moved to Mangersville, Nova Scotia, and d. there 1784: Jy 6 (N.Y. Wills:1425; N.Y. Hist. Coll:32:167; N.Y. in Rev:2:257, 271; Rider, Nellie; Transcript:8732; Dutchess:92, 346; Gray, Edw:25; Rev. War Recds. NH:3:933) [Fremont Rider Book]


Early Life

An American Loyalist he moved to the Oblong, New York, when he was about four, fought on the Loyalist side during the American Revolutionary War, and died a United Empire Loyalist in New Brunswick, Canada, in 1784. Ebenezer was unlucky in the timing of his life; he just wanted to be left alone, but instead was swept up in the maelstrom of war.

Ebenezer's father, John Rider, had moved from the old homestead on Cape Cod in the late 1740s, crossing New England to settle on lot 9 of The Oblong, those choice "free" lots in the town of Southeast, Dutchess, now Putnam, County, near Brewster New York.

It was here that Ebenezer grew up, and when he came of age, purchased farm land of his own in the same area. The metes and bounds of his property ran from a "heap of stones," to a "chestnut tree marked," to " Abraham Kanuns House." These descriptions are too vague to determine the actual site. However, the property consisted of three rather small lots - 32, 16, and 7 acres - the last bordering his brother Christopher's and his father John's land, which touched the Croton River.

[Drawing of NY and Conn. - The Oblong]
The Oblong and Huntingdon Long Island, where Ebenezer lived before and during the Revolution.

[Order for Ferrying]
This Order of 9 July 1778 shows Ebenezer ferrying only a few staple goods.

Marriage to his cousin

He married about 1765 Bethia Ann Young, her name given in the Rider family Bible as "Bethia, daughter of Nathan Young, wife of Ebenezer Rider, born in Chatham Mass, 26 Aug 1746." Her mother was Mary Atwood, and Bethia was therefore Ebenezer's second cousin, their grandmothers having been sisters, Mehitable Crowell marrying John Rider, and Bethia Crowell marrying Joseph Atwood.

The Revolution hits hard

When the Revolutionary War broke out, life was to change forever for Ebenezer and his family. Dutchess County, which then included Putnam, was a hot-bed of loyalist sympathies, and the Rider family seems to have been divided in its allegiances. As we saw in the last chapter, two of John's sons, Ebenezer and Zadoc, were branded Loyalists; three sons, John, Reuben, and Christopher, served in the Revolutionary Army. Ebenezer became a Loyalist on the losing side, and that meant, first, losing his land. While revolutionary fervour swept the land, speculators were sweeping the same land, seeking out British sympathizers to dispossess, after which the properties were sold at enormous profits.

[Order]
By 1780 Ebenezer is ferrying enough goods to fill a small store.

Ebenezer became a victim of both the fervour and the speculators. It is said that he refused to fight on either side, but his name appears on a list dated 17 October 1776 taken from the Minutes of the first Commission for Detecting and Defeating conspiracies in the state of New York. Those on the list are characterized as "very instrumental in seducing the inhabitants of the said County (Dutchess) from the allegiance which they owe to this state." He was ordered with others "forthwith removed to Exeter [New Hampshire], there to remain at their own expense under such restrictions as shall be enjoined them." He appears similarly on a list dated October 20, 1776 of persons in Dutchess County ordered by the State Committee Appointed for Inquiring Into, Detecting, and Defeating All Conspiracies Which May be Found in the Said State Against the Liberties of America to "be forthwith dis-armed, apprehended, and secured." And (worse fate!) in 1777 he was even placed on a list of taxable tenants in Southeast Town. And in July of 1781 his estates were confiscated by the Commissioner of Sequestration, and sold.

But Ebenezer seems to have escaped both perils of taxation and imprisonment. Driven from his land, he took refuge behind the British lines on Long Island. The Venerable Raymond, who was with the group, records some of the feelings of the Loyalists at the time;

All were Loyalists, many of them so pronounced in their opposition to the seperation of the "Old Colonies" from the British Empire that they became very obnoxious to the leaders of the Revolutionary party. In consequence many of them were obliged to seek refuge from the malice of their enemies by abandoning their houses and crossing the sound to Long Island which was held by the King's Troop throughout the war. Many came also from the adjoining County of Dutchess in the Province of New York. They formed a loyal community on the north shore of Long Island at Eaton's Neck, Lloyd's Neck, Oyster Bay, and Huntingdon.

Raymond recorded the names of all of these Loyalists who later settled at Kingston, New Brunswick, including Seth Briant, Henry Kitchen, and George Webb Price, all later to be found at New Canaan, New Brunswick (see next chapter). Ebenezer was not a Kingston settler, but we can probably assume that he also spent the War in the Huntingdon-Oyster Bay Area of Long Island amongst these friends. At the beginning of the War, Ebenezer may well have wished simply to be left alone, but he, like thousands of other Loyalists, was gradually drawn into a semi-military participation on the British side. The historian Esther Wright tells us how their lives were changed:

The refugees who carried on their normal occupations, in a different place, were few in number compared with whose who were drawn, in one way or another, into employment in connection with hostilities. In the more or less regularly embodied corps of provincial troops - the British Legion, DeLancey's Brigade, Emmerick's Chausseurs, Ferguson's Corp, the Guides and Pioneers, Herlihy's Corp, the King's American Dragoons, the King's American Regiment, the King's Orange Rangers, the Loyal American Legion, The Loyal American Regiment, The Maryland Loyalists, the New Jersey Volunteers (Skinner's), the New York Volunteers, the Pennsylvania Loyalists, the Prince of Wales American Regiment, the Queen's Rangers - some 8000 officers and men served, many of them from the very beginning of the conflict. Thus Lieutenant-Colonel George Turnbull, on April 11, 1783, writing on behalf of the New York Volunteers, said that "this corp was embodied so early as 1775 and that we had a share in the dangers of the action of 27th August 1776 on Long Island." The First battalion of the New Jersey Volunteers was commissioned on July 1st, 1776, four more battalions in November of that year, and the sixth in December 1776. [These battalions] aided the British armies more or less spasmodically , and acted in a more or less voluntary capacity, that is without regular pay or provisions, sometime without any pay or subsistence. The Westchester Loyalists, for instance, were largely concerned with providing forage and provisions for the garrison in New York (wherefore they were known by the opposing forces as "cattle rustlers") and in repelling raids by American forces who were engaged in similar activities in the no-man's-land between the two armies.

Prosperity in the midst of war

Several orders still exist, permitting Ebenezer Rider to ferry goods between the mainland and Long Island. The first of these, reproduced here, and dated 13 June 1778, allows for a small amount of goods to be ferried. A later order, dated 1780 sees Ebenezer bringing back enough goods to fill a small store. Perhaps Ebenezer was merely the ferryman, or perhaps the goods were being brought back for sale in his own shop. Whatever the case, the orders suggest a certain degree of prosperity for Ebenezer amid the perils of war.

Exile to a new land

At the end of the War in 1783, some of those Loyalists who had remained in American-occupied hands, like Ebenezer's brother Zadoc, were able to make their peace with the new government. But for those like Ebenezer, who had served behind British lines, chances of reconciliation with the enemy were hopeless. Again, the Venerable Raymond describes some of the emotions motivating the decisions of the Loyalists on Long Island:

In April 1783 Roselle Sayre came to Acquaint the little community that the King had granted to all Loyalists who did not incline to return to their former places of abode, and who would go to Nova Scotia, 200 acres of land and two years provisions, provide also ships to convey them as near as can to the place of settlement. They decided unanimously to remove with other families into the wilderness of Nova Scotia. From Eaton's Neck they sailed to New York, [to become] voluntary exciles preferring even a wilderness to all the comforts of being in the land of their nativity amongst their friends and nearest connections under the power of a tyrannical republic.

The First and Second Fleets carrying the Loyalists to "freedom" or "exile" sailed in the Spring of 1783. Among the passengers of The Two Sisters were Ebenezer Rider and his five children.

The last unhappy years

The last years of Ebenezer's life were most unhappy and tragic. During the War he was stripped of his land in New York, and driven into sanctuary behind the lines of the British Army. On 9 Sep 1782 his last child, a son, died, only five weeks old. Less than two months later his wife, Bethiah, died aged only 36. And finally, in 1783 he lost even his country when, with his children aged 8 to 18, he became one of the 14,000 Loyalists who embarked for the part of Nova Scotia that was to become the Province of New Brunswick.

In the summer of 1783 Ebenezer settled in Maugerville, (pronounced "Major-ville") New Brunswick, to await a homestead grant. He died there a year later, 6 July 1784, still not having received the grant. He was only 38 years old. His place of burial is not known.

In an ironic postscript to his life, 28 days after his death, on 3 August 1784, Ebenezer received his grant to a homestead of 200 acres, as promised by the King. Even in that he was unlucky!

The fate of the orphaned family

The ordeal of this Ryder family was not quite over, and played itself out in the lives of the children in their first years in New Brunswick. With the death of Ebenezer, his children were orphaned, aged 17 to 9. Stephen, the eldest, became the "parent." Ebenezer's land grant - 200 acres at lot 37 Greenwich Parish about 12 miles up river from Saint John NB - was devised, a two-fifths share to Stephen, a two-fifths share to Ebenezer, the other one-fifth not now determined. But there is some question whether this land had much value, as little attempt was made to cultivate it. Instead the children are found in Parrtown - modern Saint John - where Stephen made futile attempts to secure a land grant himself. Over the next several years he made desperate petitions:

That your Excellency's petitioner came to this Province on the Second Fleet 1783 and hath often entered for a draught of land but ever drew blanks, and Since his Coming to this Province hath been unhappy in the Loss of this father and the care of a family is now under his immediate Direction. Do humbly pray that Your Excellency will please to Enter his name for land whenever it is convenient and in future shall make no further inquiry. Parr, 9th May 1785.

But two years later, his petition unfruitful, he wrote again:

That your Memorialist came to this Country about four years agoe as a Loyalist, in the first fleet from New York, being then a minor. That he is now about 22 years of age, has Rec. no Land in the Province. And observing a number of back Lots Laid out on the westerly side of the Long Reach, and Particularly the Lot No. One which is nearly opposite Catons Island and Lies Vacant, no person claiming the same, as your Memoriallist can find. Therefore Humbly prays that the said Lot No. One may be granted to him, and he is ready to begin a settlement theron immediately. And your Memoriallist as in Duty bound will Ever Pray. May 10 1787.

Some of the family return to the new Republic

But even of age, Stephen received no grant. And this apparently led to his discouragement with the Loyalist experience. At some point after his second petition, he took all of his brothers and sisters, except Ebenezer, and moved back across the United States lines, probably keeping very quiet about his Loyalist past. On 17 Aug 1789 he sold his two-fifths ownership of his father's grant at lot 37, Parish of Greenwich, he being described in the document as "Stephen Ryder of Dorset, County of Bennington and State of Vermont." There, in Vermont, Stephen and his brothers and sisters lived out the rest of their lives. Their experience as Loyalists were over, and their subsequent histories are far removed from the historical currents of the United Empire Loyalists, and for this reason are not included in this genealogy.

Ebenezer remains in Canada

Only young Ebenezer, aged about 18 in 1789, remained behind in New Brunswick. His is a Canadian story, the subject of the next generation of this history, the founder of the Ryder family of New Brunswick, and the source of the Genealogy of Part Two.

References: Stephen Ryder Family Bible, in the possession of Jean Ryder Smith, New Haven VT; Dutchess County Clerk's Office Poughkeepsie NY, Book Inventory, Deeds, Volume 8 (1780-1788), forfeitures and Sales-Act of 1779, Liber 8 p. 76; The Disposition of Loyalist Estates in the Southern District of the State of New York (BuffaloPL F123 Y682; Fremont Rider; Pelletreau p122, "Tax List of Philip Philipse Patent 1777"; Ven W.O.Raymond's "Notebook"; Wright The Loyalists of New Brunswick, 1955, pp5-6; New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources, Fredericton NB Land Grant Listing Vol 2 Grant #51, Vol 3 Grant #185; New Brunswick Crown Lands Branch Department of Natural Resources Fredericton, Petition of Stephen Rider; Dana Ryder; Land Resources Information Services, Saint John NB, Land Index Kings C1-80; D.G. Bell, Early Loyalist Saint John, p. 234; Mayflower Descendant Vol 17 1915, pp. 173-4

[Pictures]
The Loyalists Memorial, with its inscription, in Fredericton New Brunswick

Events

Birth3 May 1746Chatham, Barnstable County, Massachusetts
MarriageCa 1765ANN BETHIAH YOUNG
Death6 Jul 1784Maugersville, (New Brunswick) Nova Scotia
BurialNew Brunswick

Families

SpouseANN BETHIAH YOUNG (1746 - 1782)
ChildSTEPHEN RIDER (1766 - 1850)
ChildMERCY RIDER (1767 - 1842)
ChildMARY RIDER (1769 - )
ChildEBENEZER RIDER (1771 - 1853)
ChildNATHAN RIDER (1773 - 1848)
ChildJOHN RIDER (1775 - 1829)
Child(son) RIDER (1782 - 1782)
FatherJOHN RIDER (1714 - )
MotherMARY PAINE (1719 - 1790)
SiblingMEHETABEL RIDER (1748 - 1807)
SiblingLiving
SiblingMARY RIDER (1751 - 1830)
SiblingZADOC RYDER (1752 - 1827)
SiblingJOHN RIDER (1760 - 1832)
SiblingCHRISTOPHER RIDER (1761 - 1839)
SiblingLiving
SiblingLiving
SiblingLiving
SiblingLiving

Endnotes