Individual Details
King Edward I "Longshanks and "Hammer of the Scots""
(16 Jun 1239 - 7 Jul 1307)
thePeerage.com
Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England1
M, #101903, b. 17 June 1239, d. 7 July 1307
Last Edited=31 Aug 2011
Consanguinity Index=0.18%
King Edward I of England
by Renold Elstrick 2
Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England was born on 17 June 1239 at Palace of Westminster, Westminster, London, England.3 He was the son of Henry III, King of England and Eleanor of Provence. He was baptised on 21 June 1239 by Eudes, the Pope's legate.4 He married, firstly, Eleanor de Castilla, Comtesse de Ponthieu, daughter of Fernando III, Rey de Castilla y León and Jeanne d'Aumale, Comtesse de Ponthieu, on 18 October 1254 at Abbey of Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile, Spain.5 He married, secondly, Marguerite de France, daughter of Philippe III, Roi de France and Marie de Brabant, on 10 September 1299 at Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England.1 He died on 7 July 1307 at age 68 at Burgh-on-the-Sands, Cumberland, England, from dysentry, while marching against the Scots.6 He was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England.6
He gained the title of Duke of Gascony in 1254.5 He was created 1st Earl of Chester [England] on 14 February 1253/54.4 He fought in the Battle of Lewes on 14 May 1264, where he was taken priosner by the rebellious barons.4 On 24 December 1264 he was forced the deliver the Earldom of Chester into the hands of Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, but received it back on 4 August 1265 on the death of Simon.4 He succeeded to the title of King Edward I of England on 20 November 1272.5 He was crowned King of England on 19 August 1274 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England, and styled 'Rex Angliae, Dominus Hiberniae et Dux Aquitaniae.7'
Edward towered over his contemporaries - he was the then rare height of six feet two inches. He was on a Crusade at the time of his accession and returned to England in 1274. Reigning for 35 years he was a strong and wise King. He married Eleanor of Castille and, after her death Margaret, daughter of Phillip III of France. Edward had 16 children by Eleanor and three by Margaret, the most of any Monarch. He carried out much needed reform and clarification of the law. Starting in 1277 he set out to resolve the Welsh problem which had proved so troublesome in Henry III's reign. The area around Snowdon and Anglesy harboured Llewelyn and other warlike princes. Llewelyn was killed in battle and the Welsh resistance collapsed. The Statute of Wales in 1284 arranged for administration under a mixed English and Welsh law. Castles were built to secure the Principality, including Caernarvon where Edward's son (Edward) was born and who was created Prince of Wales in 1301. During his campaign in Wales, it was found that the long bow used by the Southern Welsh, was an amazingly effective weapon which would revolutionise forthcoming conflicts. Edward next marched on Scotland and won a crushing victory at Falkirk but Robert Bruce arose and made himself King of Scotland. Although known as The Hammer of the Scots, Edward had not succeeded in subjugating that noble land. Edward may be best remembered by the Model Parliament called in 1295. He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.8
Children of Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England and Eleanor de Castilla, Comtesse de Ponthieu
Eleanor of England+ b. 17 Jun 1264, d. 12 Oct 1298
Joan of England b. c Jun 1265, d. b 7 Sep 1265
John of England b. 10 Jul 1266, d. 3 Aug 1271
Alice of England b. c 1267, d. 1279
Henry of England b. 13 Jul 1267, d. 14 Oct 1274
Juliana of England b. 1271, d. 28 May 1271
Joan of Acre+ b. c Apr 1272, d. 23 Apr 1307
Alfonso of England, 1st Earl of Chester b. 24 Nov 1273, d. 19 Aug 1284
Margaret of England+ b. 11 Sep 1275, d. 1318
Berengaria of England b. 1276, d. bt 1276 - 1279
Mary of England b. 11 Mar 1278, d. b 8 Jul 1332
Alice of England b. 12 Mar 1279, d. c 1291
Isabella of England1 b. 12 Mar 1279, d. 1279
Lady Elizabeth Plantagenet+ b. 7 Aug 1282, d. 5 May 1316
Edward II, King of England+ b. 25 Apr 1284, d. 21 Sep 1327
Beatrice of England b. c 1286
Blanche of England b. c 1290, d. 1290
Children of Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England and Marguerite de France
Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk+ b. 1 Jun 1300, d. c Aug 1338
Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent+ b. 5 Aug 1301, d. 19 Mar 1330
Eleanor of England b. 4 May 1306, d. 1311
Citations
[S106] Royal Genealogies Website (ROYAL92.GED), online http://www.daml.org/2001/01/gedcom/royal92.ged. Hereinafter cited as Royal Genealogies Website.
[S3409] Caroline Maubois, "re: Penancoet Family," e-mail message to Darryl Roger Lundy, 2 December 2008. Hereinafter cited as "re: Penancoet Family."
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 79. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families.
[S6] G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume III, page 170. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families, page 81.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families, page 89.
[S4] C.F.J. Hankinson, editor, DeBretts Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage, 147th year (London, U.K.: Odhams Press, 1949), page 20 . Hereinafter cited as DeBretts Peerage, 1949.
[S18] Matthew H.C.G., editor, Dictionary of National Biography on CD-ROM (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1995). Hereinafter cited as Dictionary of National Biography.
*************
From FindAGrave
Birth: Jun. 16, 1239
Westminster, City of Westminster, Greater London, England
Death: Jul. 7, 1307
Burgh-by-Sands, City of Carlisle, Cumbria, England
English Monarch. The eldest son of Henry III and Eleanor of Provence, he was known as Longshanks and "Hammer of the Scots". He ascended the throne upon the death of Henry in 1272, but was not formally crowned until August 19, 1274. He married Eleanor of Castile at Burgos, Spain on October 18, 1254. To her he was a loving and devoted, if not entirely faithful, husband and they had 16 children. After Eleanor's death in 1290, he married Margaret of France on September 8, 1299. They had three children. Much of Edward's reign was spent at war. He completed the conquest of Wales, defeating and uniting the Welsh marches, and defended his duchy of Gascony in France. But the latter half of his reign would be consumed by trouble in Scotland. The death of the young Margaret, Maid of Norway left the throne of Scotland vacant, and Edward siezed upon the opportunity to establish his control. He appointed John Balliol to the throne, but retained direct rule over the Scots and Balliol. In 1297 William Wallace rebelled and recovered much of the country, but Edward crushed the rebellion, captured Wallace and had him executed. He then summoned a complete Parliament, including elected Scottish representatives, and it was decided that a Council would rule Scotland under Edward's supervision. But Robert the Bruce unexpectedly rebelled and murdered his fellow Councillors. Despite failing health, Edward once again went north. He died en route to Scotland at Burgh-On-Sands, Cumbria at the age of 68. He was succeeded by his eldest surviving son, Edward II. (bio by: Kristen Conrad)
Family links:
Parents:
King Henry (1207 - 1272)
Eleanor of Provence (1222 - 1291)
Spouses:
Eleanor of Castile (1241 - 1290)*
Marguerite de France (1279 - 1318)*
Children:
Katherine Plantagenet (____ - 1264)*
Joan Plantagenet (1265 - 1265)*
John Plantagenet (1266 - 1271)*
Henry Plantagenet (1267 - 1274)*
Eleanor Plantagenet (1269 - 1298)*
Joan of Acre (1272 - 1307)*
Alfonso Plantagenet (1273 - 1284)*
Margaret of England (1275 - 1318)*
Berengaria Plantagenet (1276 - 1278)*
Mary Plantagenet (1278 - 1332)*
Isabella Plantagenet (1279 - 1279)*
Elizabeth Plantagenet (1282 - 1316)*
King Edward II (1284 - 1327)*
Beatrice Plantagenet Princess of England (1286 - 1286)*
Thomas Plantagenet of Brotherton (1300 - 1338)*
Edmund Plantagenet of Woodstock (1301 - 1330)*
Eleanor Plantagenet (1306 - 1311)*
Siblings:
Edward I (1239 - 1307)
Margaret Plantagenet (1240 - 1275)*
Béatrice d'Angleterre (1242 - 1275)*
Edmund Plantagenet (1245 - 1296)*
Richard of England (1247 - 1250)*
John of England (1250 - 1252)*
Katherine of England (1253 - 1257)*
Henry of England (1260 - 1260)*
*Calculated relationship
Burial:
Westminster Abbey
Westminster
City of Westminster
Greater London, England
GPS (lat/lon): 51.50008, -0.12923
Maintained by: Find A Grave
Record added: Jan 01, 2001
Find A Grave Memorial# 1955
Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England1
M, #101903, b. 17 June 1239, d. 7 July 1307
Last Edited=31 Aug 2011
Consanguinity Index=0.18%
King Edward I of England
by Renold Elstrick 2
Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England was born on 17 June 1239 at Palace of Westminster, Westminster, London, England.3 He was the son of Henry III, King of England and Eleanor of Provence. He was baptised on 21 June 1239 by Eudes, the Pope's legate.4 He married, firstly, Eleanor de Castilla, Comtesse de Ponthieu, daughter of Fernando III, Rey de Castilla y León and Jeanne d'Aumale, Comtesse de Ponthieu, on 18 October 1254 at Abbey of Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile, Spain.5 He married, secondly, Marguerite de France, daughter of Philippe III, Roi de France and Marie de Brabant, on 10 September 1299 at Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England.1 He died on 7 July 1307 at age 68 at Burgh-on-the-Sands, Cumberland, England, from dysentry, while marching against the Scots.6 He was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England.6
He gained the title of Duke of Gascony in 1254.5 He was created 1st Earl of Chester [England] on 14 February 1253/54.4 He fought in the Battle of Lewes on 14 May 1264, where he was taken priosner by the rebellious barons.4 On 24 December 1264 he was forced the deliver the Earldom of Chester into the hands of Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, but received it back on 4 August 1265 on the death of Simon.4 He succeeded to the title of King Edward I of England on 20 November 1272.5 He was crowned King of England on 19 August 1274 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England, and styled 'Rex Angliae, Dominus Hiberniae et Dux Aquitaniae.7'
Edward towered over his contemporaries - he was the then rare height of six feet two inches. He was on a Crusade at the time of his accession and returned to England in 1274. Reigning for 35 years he was a strong and wise King. He married Eleanor of Castille and, after her death Margaret, daughter of Phillip III of France. Edward had 16 children by Eleanor and three by Margaret, the most of any Monarch. He carried out much needed reform and clarification of the law. Starting in 1277 he set out to resolve the Welsh problem which had proved so troublesome in Henry III's reign. The area around Snowdon and Anglesy harboured Llewelyn and other warlike princes. Llewelyn was killed in battle and the Welsh resistance collapsed. The Statute of Wales in 1284 arranged for administration under a mixed English and Welsh law. Castles were built to secure the Principality, including Caernarvon where Edward's son (Edward) was born and who was created Prince of Wales in 1301. During his campaign in Wales, it was found that the long bow used by the Southern Welsh, was an amazingly effective weapon which would revolutionise forthcoming conflicts. Edward next marched on Scotland and won a crushing victory at Falkirk but Robert Bruce arose and made himself King of Scotland. Although known as The Hammer of the Scots, Edward had not succeeded in subjugating that noble land. Edward may be best remembered by the Model Parliament called in 1295. He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.8
Children of Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England and Eleanor de Castilla, Comtesse de Ponthieu
Eleanor of England+ b. 17 Jun 1264, d. 12 Oct 1298
Joan of England b. c Jun 1265, d. b 7 Sep 1265
John of England b. 10 Jul 1266, d. 3 Aug 1271
Alice of England b. c 1267, d. 1279
Henry of England b. 13 Jul 1267, d. 14 Oct 1274
Juliana of England b. 1271, d. 28 May 1271
Joan of Acre+ b. c Apr 1272, d. 23 Apr 1307
Alfonso of England, 1st Earl of Chester b. 24 Nov 1273, d. 19 Aug 1284
Margaret of England+ b. 11 Sep 1275, d. 1318
Berengaria of England b. 1276, d. bt 1276 - 1279
Mary of England b. 11 Mar 1278, d. b 8 Jul 1332
Alice of England b. 12 Mar 1279, d. c 1291
Isabella of England1 b. 12 Mar 1279, d. 1279
Lady Elizabeth Plantagenet+ b. 7 Aug 1282, d. 5 May 1316
Edward II, King of England+ b. 25 Apr 1284, d. 21 Sep 1327
Beatrice of England b. c 1286
Blanche of England b. c 1290, d. 1290
Children of Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England and Marguerite de France
Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk+ b. 1 Jun 1300, d. c Aug 1338
Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent+ b. 5 Aug 1301, d. 19 Mar 1330
Eleanor of England b. 4 May 1306, d. 1311
Citations
[S106] Royal Genealogies Website (ROYAL92.GED), online http://www.daml.org/2001/01/gedcom/royal92.ged. Hereinafter cited as Royal Genealogies Website.
[S3409] Caroline Maubois, "re: Penancoet Family," e-mail message to Darryl Roger Lundy, 2 December 2008. Hereinafter cited as "re: Penancoet Family."
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 79. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families.
[S6] G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume III, page 170. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families, page 81.
[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families, page 89.
[S4] C.F.J. Hankinson, editor, DeBretts Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage, 147th year (London, U.K.: Odhams Press, 1949), page 20 . Hereinafter cited as DeBretts Peerage, 1949.
[S18] Matthew H.C.G., editor, Dictionary of National Biography on CD-ROM (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1995). Hereinafter cited as Dictionary of National Biography.
*************
From FindAGrave
Birth: Jun. 16, 1239
Westminster, City of Westminster, Greater London, England
Death: Jul. 7, 1307
Burgh-by-Sands, City of Carlisle, Cumbria, England
English Monarch. The eldest son of Henry III and Eleanor of Provence, he was known as Longshanks and "Hammer of the Scots". He ascended the throne upon the death of Henry in 1272, but was not formally crowned until August 19, 1274. He married Eleanor of Castile at Burgos, Spain on October 18, 1254. To her he was a loving and devoted, if not entirely faithful, husband and they had 16 children. After Eleanor's death in 1290, he married Margaret of France on September 8, 1299. They had three children. Much of Edward's reign was spent at war. He completed the conquest of Wales, defeating and uniting the Welsh marches, and defended his duchy of Gascony in France. But the latter half of his reign would be consumed by trouble in Scotland. The death of the young Margaret, Maid of Norway left the throne of Scotland vacant, and Edward siezed upon the opportunity to establish his control. He appointed John Balliol to the throne, but retained direct rule over the Scots and Balliol. In 1297 William Wallace rebelled and recovered much of the country, but Edward crushed the rebellion, captured Wallace and had him executed. He then summoned a complete Parliament, including elected Scottish representatives, and it was decided that a Council would rule Scotland under Edward's supervision. But Robert the Bruce unexpectedly rebelled and murdered his fellow Councillors. Despite failing health, Edward once again went north. He died en route to Scotland at Burgh-On-Sands, Cumbria at the age of 68. He was succeeded by his eldest surviving son, Edward II. (bio by: Kristen Conrad)
Family links:
Parents:
King Henry (1207 - 1272)
Eleanor of Provence (1222 - 1291)
Spouses:
Eleanor of Castile (1241 - 1290)*
Marguerite de France (1279 - 1318)*
Children:
Katherine Plantagenet (____ - 1264)*
Joan Plantagenet (1265 - 1265)*
John Plantagenet (1266 - 1271)*
Henry Plantagenet (1267 - 1274)*
Eleanor Plantagenet (1269 - 1298)*
Joan of Acre (1272 - 1307)*
Alfonso Plantagenet (1273 - 1284)*
Margaret of England (1275 - 1318)*
Berengaria Plantagenet (1276 - 1278)*
Mary Plantagenet (1278 - 1332)*
Isabella Plantagenet (1279 - 1279)*
Elizabeth Plantagenet (1282 - 1316)*
King Edward II (1284 - 1327)*
Beatrice Plantagenet Princess of England (1286 - 1286)*
Thomas Plantagenet of Brotherton (1300 - 1338)*
Edmund Plantagenet of Woodstock (1301 - 1330)*
Eleanor Plantagenet (1306 - 1311)*
Siblings:
Edward I (1239 - 1307)
Margaret Plantagenet (1240 - 1275)*
Béatrice d'Angleterre (1242 - 1275)*
Edmund Plantagenet (1245 - 1296)*
Richard of England (1247 - 1250)*
John of England (1250 - 1252)*
Katherine of England (1253 - 1257)*
Henry of England (1260 - 1260)*
*Calculated relationship
Burial:
Westminster Abbey
Westminster
City of Westminster
Greater London, England
GPS (lat/lon): 51.50008, -0.12923
Maintained by: Find A Grave
Record added: Jan 01, 2001
Find A Grave Memorial# 1955
Events
| Birth | 16 Jun 1239 | Westminster, City of Westminster, Greater London, England | |||
| Title (Nobility) | 14 Feb 1253 | 1st Earl of Chester | |||
| Title (Nobility) | 1254 | Duke of Gascony | |||
| Marriage | 18 Oct 1254 | Burgos, Spain - Eleanor of Castile | |||
| Title (Nobility) | 1272 - 1307 | King of England | |||
| Marriage | 10 Sep 1299 | Marguerite de France | |||
| Death | 7 Jul 1307 | Burgh-by-Sands, City of Carlisle, Cumbria, England | |||
| Burial | Westminster Abbey, City of Westminster, Greater London, England |
Families
| Spouse | Eleanor of Castile (1241 - 1290) |
| Child | Joan of Acre (1272 - 1307) |
| Child | Lady Elizabeth Plantagenet (1282 - 1316) |
| Child | King Edward II (1284 - 1327) |
| Spouse | Marguerite de France (1279 - 1318) |
| Child | Thomas of Brotherton (1300 - 1338) |
| Child | Edmund of Woodstock (1301 - 1330) |
| Father | King Henry III (1207 - 1272) |
| Mother | Eleanor of Provence (1223 - 1291) |
| Sibling | Edmund "Crouchback" Plantagenet (1245 - 1296) |