Individual Details
Jean "Sans Peur, Duke of Burgundy" Bourgogne
(28 May 1371 - 10 Sep 1419)
[[Category: House of Bourgogne]]
}
== Biography ==
}
===French Biography===
*'''Jean Ier de Bourgogne''', dit « Jean sans Peur », duc de Bourgogne, comte de Flandre, d'Artois et de Charolais, comte palatin de Bourgogne, seigneur de Mâcon, Chalon et autres lieux (° 28 mai 1371 à Dijon - † 10 septembre 1419 à Montereau-Fault-Yonne) était un prince français de la maison capétienne de Valois.
*Il était le fils aîné du duc Philippe II de Bourgogne et de la duchesse et comtesse Marguerite III de Flandre et le frère d'Antoine de Bourgogne, comte de Rethel, puis duc de Brabant et de Limbourg. Il fut d'abord comte de Nevers en 1384, comté qu'il céda à son frère Philippe en 1404, lorsqu'il hérita du duché de Bourgogne.
*L’année 1385 voit la concrétisation d'une double alliance politico-familiale de la maison de Bourgogne avec les ducs de Bavière-Straubing.
*À Cambrai, le 11 avril 1385, le futur futur Jean Ier de Bourgogne épouse Marguerite de Bavière (-Straubing). De cette union, naissent un fils et sept filles :*Marguerite (1393-1441), épouse 1°) en 1404 le duc Louis de Guyenne, puis, 2°) en 1423 le futur Arthur III de Bretagne ;# Marie (1394-1463) épouse en 1406 Adolphe Ier de Clèves ;
# Philippe (1396-1467), duc de Bourgogne ;
# Catherine (1400-1414), épouse de Louis III d'Anjou ;
# Jeanne (vers 1401-1412) ;# Isabelle (vers 1403-1412), épouse en 1406 à Olivier de Châtillon, comte de Penthièvre ;# Anne (1404-1432) épouse en 1423, Jean de Lancastre, duc de Bedford ;# Agnès (1407-1476) épouse en 1425 duc Charles Ier de Bourbon.
*Il laisse également quatre enfants illégitimes :
*nés de Marguerite de Borselen :
# Guy († à Calais en 1436) ;
# Antoine, chevalier de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem ;
# Philippotte ;
* né d'Agnès de Croÿ :
# Jean VI, († 27 avril 1480), évêque de Cambrai7.
}
===English Biography===
*John the Fearless (French: Jean sans Peur, Dutch: Jan zonder Vrees), also John II, Duke of Burgundy, known as John of Valois and John of Burgundy b.28 May 1371 – d.10 September 1419, was Duke of Burgundy from 1404 to 1419. For a period he was regent for his mentally ill first cousin Charles VI of France and a member of the Valois Dynasty.
*Born in Dijon, John was the son of [[Valois-257|Philippe II Valois]]Philip the Bold and [[de Dampierre-19|Marguerite III de Dampierre]] Margaret III, Countess of Flanders. As heir apparent, he used the title of Count of Nevers from 1384 to 1405, however, after his accession he ceded it to his brother Philip.
*In 1385, at the Burgundian double wedding in Cambrai, he married Margaret of Bavaria, daughter of Albrecht of Bavaria, Count of Holland and Hainaut at the same time his sister, Margaret of Burgundy, Duchess of Bavaria married their son William II, Duke of Bavaria, to consolidate his position in the Low Countries, after cancelling his engagement with Catherine of France, daughter of Charles V of France.
*Before his accession to the Duchy of Burgundy, John was one of the principal leaders of the French forces sent to aid King Sigismund of Hungary in his war against Sultan Bayezid I. John fought in the battle of Nicopolis (25 September 1396) with such enthusiasm and bravery that he was given the nickname of Fearless (Sans-Peur). Despite his personal bravery, his impetuous leadership ended in disaster for the European expedition.He was taken prisoner and released only in the next year, against an enormous ransom paid by his father.
*John was invested as Duke of Burgundy in 1404 and almost immediately entered into open conflict against Louis of Orléans, younger brother of the increasingly mad Charles VI. Both men attempted to fill the power vacuum left by the demented king.
*John played a game of marriages, exchanging his daughter Marguerite for Michelle of Valois, who would marry his heir, Philip the Good. He did not overlook, however, the importance of the middle class of merchants and tradesman or the University of Paris.
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_war_between_the_Armagnacs_and_the_Burgundians Civil war between the Armagnacs and the Burgundians Conflict against Louis of Orléans]*After an escape from Paris and a few skirmishes against the Orléans party, John managed to recover the king's favour. In the treaty of Chartres, signed on 9 March 1409, the king absolved the Duke of Burgundy of the crime, and he and Louis's son Charles pledged a reconciliation. A later edict renewed John's guardianship of the Dauphin.*Even with the Orléans dispute resolved in his favour, John would not have a simple life
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_John_the_Fearless Assassination of John the Fearless Conflict with the Dauphin ,assassination of john the Fearless]*Dauphin tried to bring about a reconciliation with John. They met in July and swore peace on the bridge of Pouilly, near Melun. On the grounds that peace was not sufficiently assured by the Pouilly meeting, a fresh interview was proposed by the Dauphin to take place on 10 September 1419 on the bridge at Montereau. John of Burgundy was present with his escort for what he considered a diplomatic meeting. He was, however, assassinated by the Dauphin's companions. He was later buried in Dijon. His successor, Philip the Good, formed an alliance with the English.
==Sources==
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_the_Fearless* [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLISH%20NOBILITY%20MEDIEVAL1.htm#JohnFitzGeoffreydied1258 John fitz Geoffrey], entry in the database [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CONTENTS.htm Medieval Lands]: A prosopography of medieval European noble and royal families by Charles Cawley © Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, 2000-2017.
}
== Biography ==
}
===French Biography===
*'''Jean Ier de Bourgogne''', dit « Jean sans Peur », duc de Bourgogne, comte de Flandre, d'Artois et de Charolais, comte palatin de Bourgogne, seigneur de Mâcon, Chalon et autres lieux (° 28 mai 1371 à Dijon - † 10 septembre 1419 à Montereau-Fault-Yonne) était un prince français de la maison capétienne de Valois.
*Il était le fils aîné du duc Philippe II de Bourgogne et de la duchesse et comtesse Marguerite III de Flandre et le frère d'Antoine de Bourgogne, comte de Rethel, puis duc de Brabant et de Limbourg. Il fut d'abord comte de Nevers en 1384, comté qu'il céda à son frère Philippe en 1404, lorsqu'il hérita du duché de Bourgogne.
*L’année 1385 voit la concrétisation d'une double alliance politico-familiale de la maison de Bourgogne avec les ducs de Bavière-Straubing.
*À Cambrai, le 11 avril 1385, le futur futur Jean Ier de Bourgogne épouse Marguerite de Bavière (-Straubing). De cette union, naissent un fils et sept filles :*Marguerite (1393-1441), épouse 1°) en 1404 le duc Louis de Guyenne, puis, 2°) en 1423 le futur Arthur III de Bretagne ;# Marie (1394-1463) épouse en 1406 Adolphe Ier de Clèves ;
# Philippe (1396-1467), duc de Bourgogne ;
# Catherine (1400-1414), épouse de Louis III d'Anjou ;
# Jeanne (vers 1401-1412) ;# Isabelle (vers 1403-1412), épouse en 1406 à Olivier de Châtillon, comte de Penthièvre ;# Anne (1404-1432) épouse en 1423, Jean de Lancastre, duc de Bedford ;# Agnès (1407-1476) épouse en 1425 duc Charles Ier de Bourbon.
*Il laisse également quatre enfants illégitimes :
*nés de Marguerite de Borselen :
# Guy († à Calais en 1436) ;
# Antoine, chevalier de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem ;
# Philippotte ;
* né d'Agnès de Croÿ :
# Jean VI, († 27 avril 1480), évêque de Cambrai7.
}
===English Biography===
*John the Fearless (French: Jean sans Peur, Dutch: Jan zonder Vrees), also John II, Duke of Burgundy, known as John of Valois and John of Burgundy b.28 May 1371 – d.10 September 1419, was Duke of Burgundy from 1404 to 1419. For a period he was regent for his mentally ill first cousin Charles VI of France and a member of the Valois Dynasty.
*Born in Dijon, John was the son of [[Valois-257|Philippe II Valois]]Philip the Bold and [[de Dampierre-19|Marguerite III de Dampierre]] Margaret III, Countess of Flanders. As heir apparent, he used the title of Count of Nevers from 1384 to 1405, however, after his accession he ceded it to his brother Philip.
*In 1385, at the Burgundian double wedding in Cambrai, he married Margaret of Bavaria, daughter of Albrecht of Bavaria, Count of Holland and Hainaut at the same time his sister, Margaret of Burgundy, Duchess of Bavaria married their son William II, Duke of Bavaria, to consolidate his position in the Low Countries, after cancelling his engagement with Catherine of France, daughter of Charles V of France.
*Before his accession to the Duchy of Burgundy, John was one of the principal leaders of the French forces sent to aid King Sigismund of Hungary in his war against Sultan Bayezid I. John fought in the battle of Nicopolis (25 September 1396) with such enthusiasm and bravery that he was given the nickname of Fearless (Sans-Peur). Despite his personal bravery, his impetuous leadership ended in disaster for the European expedition.He was taken prisoner and released only in the next year, against an enormous ransom paid by his father.
*John was invested as Duke of Burgundy in 1404 and almost immediately entered into open conflict against Louis of Orléans, younger brother of the increasingly mad Charles VI. Both men attempted to fill the power vacuum left by the demented king.
*John played a game of marriages, exchanging his daughter Marguerite for Michelle of Valois, who would marry his heir, Philip the Good. He did not overlook, however, the importance of the middle class of merchants and tradesman or the University of Paris.
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_war_between_the_Armagnacs_and_the_Burgundians Civil war between the Armagnacs and the Burgundians Conflict against Louis of Orléans]*After an escape from Paris and a few skirmishes against the Orléans party, John managed to recover the king's favour. In the treaty of Chartres, signed on 9 March 1409, the king absolved the Duke of Burgundy of the crime, and he and Louis's son Charles pledged a reconciliation. A later edict renewed John's guardianship of the Dauphin.*Even with the Orléans dispute resolved in his favour, John would not have a simple life
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_John_the_Fearless Assassination of John the Fearless Conflict with the Dauphin ,assassination of john the Fearless]*Dauphin tried to bring about a reconciliation with John. They met in July and swore peace on the bridge of Pouilly, near Melun. On the grounds that peace was not sufficiently assured by the Pouilly meeting, a fresh interview was proposed by the Dauphin to take place on 10 September 1419 on the bridge at Montereau. John of Burgundy was present with his escort for what he considered a diplomatic meeting. He was, however, assassinated by the Dauphin's companions. He was later buried in Dijon. His successor, Philip the Good, formed an alliance with the English.
==Sources==
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_the_Fearless* [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLISH%20NOBILITY%20MEDIEVAL1.htm#JohnFitzGeoffreydied1258 John fitz Geoffrey], entry in the database [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CONTENTS.htm Medieval Lands]: A prosopography of medieval European noble and royal families by Charles Cawley © Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, 2000-2017.
Events
| Birth | 28 May 1371 | Dijon, Cote d'Or, Bourgogne, France | |||
| Marriage | 12 Apr 1385 | Cambrai, Nord-Pas-de Calais, France - Marguerite Wittelsbach | |||
| Death | 10 Sep 1419 | Montereau-Fault-Yonne, Île-de-France, France | |||
| Reference No | 10166369 | ||||
| Reference No | 10741054 | ||||
| Reference No | 60 |
Families
| Spouse | Marguerite Wittelsbach (1363 - 1424) |
| Child | Marie "Duchess of Cleves" Bourgogne (1393 - 1463) |
| Child | Catherine Bourgogne (1392 - 1414) |
| Child | Isabelle Bourgogne (1392 - 1412) |
| Child | Marguerite "Dauphine de Viennois" Bourgogne (1393 - 1440) |
| Child | Philippe "le Bon, the Good" Valois (1396 - 1467) |
| Child | Jeanne Bourgogne (1399 - 1406) |
| Child | Anne Bourgogne (1404 - 1432) |
| Child | Agnès "Duchesse de Bourbon" Bourgogne (1407 - 1476) |
| Spouse | Agnès Croy (1386 - ) |
| Child | Jean de Cambrai (1404 - 1479) |
| Father | Philippe Valois (1342 - 1404) |
| Mother | Marguerite Dampierre (1350 - 1405) |