Individual Details
Emperor Charlemagne
(Abt 745 - 28 JAN 813/14)
per http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CAROLINGIANS.htm#LouisIEmperorA
CHARLES, son of PEPIN "le Bref" King of the Franks & his wife Bertrada [Berta] "au Grand Pied" (near Aix-la-Chapelle 2 Apr 748-Aix-la-Chapelle 28 Jan 814, bur Aix-la-Chapelle, Chapelle Sainte-Marie) . He is named first son of King Pepin & Bertrada in the Cartulaire of Saint-Bertin[55]. At the coronation of his father in 754, Charles was also anointed by Pope Stephen III [II][56]. On the deat h of his father, he received the larger part of Austrasia, Neustria and western Aquitaine, succeeding as CHARLES I joint King of the Franks, jointly with his brother Carloman, and was crowned 9 Oct 76 8 at Noyon. He suppressed the revolt of Hunald in Aquitaine in 769, over which he quarrelled with his brother Carloman[57]. On the death of his brother in 771, he set aside the rights of his nephe w and became sole king of the Franks. He defended the Pope against the Lombards, conquering their kingdom in 773. He is recorded in charters as having used the title "rex Francorum et Langobardorum " from 5 Jun 774, adding "atque patricius Romanorum" from 16 Jul 774[58]. He accepted the submission of Saxony at Paderborn in 777. During his campaign in Spain in 778, he captured Pamplona, while Za ragoza, Huesca, Barcelona and Girona swore allegiance to him. He had his sons crowned king of the Lombards and king of the Aquitainians by Pope Adrian I at Rome 15 Apr 781. He incorporated Bavaria a nd Carinthia into his kingdom in 787, followed by Thuringia, Hessen and Alemannia, by 797. He re-established Pope Leo III after the latter was ambushed by the Romans in 799, and was crowned CHARLE S I "Charlemagne" Emperor of the Romans in St Peter's Rome 25 Dec 800, which the Pope justified technically on the basis of an alleged vacancy of the imperial throne, which could not be occupied b y a woman, during the reign at Constantinople of Empress Eirene. At the assembly of Thionville 6 Feb 806, Emperor Charles decided the division of territories between his sons. Byzantine ambassador s from Emperor Mikhael I finally recognised Charlemagne as emperor (although not "Roman Emperor") at Aix-la-Chapelle in 812[59]. After the death of his two older sons, he crowned his son Louis as ass ociate emperor at Aix-la-Chapelle 11 Sep 813. The necrology of Prüm records the death "814 5 Kal Feb" of "Karolus imperator"[60]. The Annales Fuldenses record the death "814 V Kal Feb" of "Karolus i mperator" at Aachen at the age of about 71[61].
m firstly (769, repudiated [770/early 771]) --- of the Lombards, daughter of DESIDERIUS King of the Lombards & his wife Ansa ---. Einhard calls King Charles's first wife "filiam Desiderii regis Lango bardorum"[62]. The Annales Fuldenses record that "Berhta regina" brought "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum" back from Italy as the wife for "Karolo filio suo"[63]. Her husband sent her back to he r father after repudiating her.
m secondly (Aix-la-Chapelle 771 before 30 Apr) HILDEGARD, daughter of GEROLD Graf im Kraichgau [Udalrichinger] & his wife Imma (758-Thionville, Moselle 30 Apr 783[64], bur Metz, église abbatiale de S aint-Arnoul[65]). Einhard refers to Hildegard as "de gente Suavorum"[66]. Thegan's Vita Hludowici Imperatoris names her "Hildigardam quæ erat de cognatione Gotefridi ducis Alamannorum" and specifie s that she was the daughter of Imma[67]. The Annales Laurissenses record the death "783 pridie Kal Mai" of "Hildegardis regina" and her burial "iuxta urbem Mettensem in basilica apostolorum et beat i Arnulfi"[68]. She died from the after effects of childbirth, according to the epitaph of her daughter Hildegard[69]. Paulus Diaconus wrote an epitaph to "Hildegardis regina"[70].
m thirdly (Worms Oct 783[71]) FASTRADA, daughter of RADULF Graf & his wife --- (-Frankfurt-am-Main 10 Oct 794, bur Mainz, St Alban[72]). The Annales Laurissenses record the marriage in 783 at Worms o f King Charles and "domne Fastradæ regina"[73]. Einhard's Annals record the king's marriage in 783 to "filiam Radolfi comitis natione Francam, nomine Fastradam"[74]. Fastrada, wife of King Charles , is referred to as "de Orientalium Francorum, Germanorum videlicet" by Einhard[75]. Her cruelty triggered the revolt of her husband's illegitimate son Pépin "le Bossu" in 792[76]. The Annales Xant enses record the death in Frankfurt in 794 of "Fastrada regina"[77]. Einhard records the death in 794 of "Fastrada regina" at Frankfurt and her burial "Mogontiaci apud sanctum Albanum"[78]. Theodul f wrote the epitaph of "Fastradæ reginæ"[79].
m fourthly ([794/autumn 796]) LIUTGARD, daughter of --- (-Tours 4 Jun 800, bur Tours, église Saint-Martin[80]). Einhard names "Liudgardam Alamannam" as King Charles's fourth wife, specifying that sh e died childless[81]. Angilbert's poem Ad Pippinum Italiæ regum names "Liutgardis" as the wife of King Charles[82]. The Annales Laurissenses Continuatio records the death "II Non Iun 800" at Tour s of "domnæ Liutgardæ coniugis" and her burial at Tours[83].
Mistress (1): HIMILTRUD ---. "Himiltrude nobili puella" is named mother of "Pippinum" in the Gesta Mettensium[84].
Mistress (2): ---. Einhard refers to "Ruodhaidem" as the daughter of King Charles and an unnamed concubine[85].
Mistress (3): [MADELGARD] ---. Settipani names Madelgardis as the mistress of King Charles, and mother of Rothildis abbess of Faremoutiers[86]. However, he cites no primary source on which this is b ased, apart from a reference to an early 9th century list of nuns at Faremoutiers which includes the name. No reference has been found to her in any of the sources so far consulted.
Mistress (4): GERSWINDA ---. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Gersuindam Saxonici generis", and her daughter Adaltrud[87].
Mistress (5): REGINA ---. 800. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Reginam", and her sons "Drogonem et Hugum"[88].
Mistress (6): ADELINDIS ---. 806. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Adallindem", and her son "Theodricum"[89].
King Charles I & his second wife had nine children[90]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlemagne
CHARLES, son of PEPIN "le Bref" King of the Franks & his wife Bertrada [Berta] "au Grand Pied" (near Aix-la-Chapelle 2 Apr 748-Aix-la-Chapelle 28 Jan 814, bur Aix-la-Chapelle, Chapelle Sainte-Marie) . He is named first son of King Pepin & Bertrada in the Cartulaire of Saint-Bertin[55]. At the coronation of his father in 754, Charles was also anointed by Pope Stephen III [II][56]. On the deat h of his father, he received the larger part of Austrasia, Neustria and western Aquitaine, succeeding as CHARLES I joint King of the Franks, jointly with his brother Carloman, and was crowned 9 Oct 76 8 at Noyon. He suppressed the revolt of Hunald in Aquitaine in 769, over which he quarrelled with his brother Carloman[57]. On the death of his brother in 771, he set aside the rights of his nephe w and became sole king of the Franks. He defended the Pope against the Lombards, conquering their kingdom in 773. He is recorded in charters as having used the title "rex Francorum et Langobardorum " from 5 Jun 774, adding "atque patricius Romanorum" from 16 Jul 774[58]. He accepted the submission of Saxony at Paderborn in 777. During his campaign in Spain in 778, he captured Pamplona, while Za ragoza, Huesca, Barcelona and Girona swore allegiance to him. He had his sons crowned king of the Lombards and king of the Aquitainians by Pope Adrian I at Rome 15 Apr 781. He incorporated Bavaria a nd Carinthia into his kingdom in 787, followed by Thuringia, Hessen and Alemannia, by 797. He re-established Pope Leo III after the latter was ambushed by the Romans in 799, and was crowned CHARLE S I "Charlemagne" Emperor of the Romans in St Peter's Rome 25 Dec 800, which the Pope justified technically on the basis of an alleged vacancy of the imperial throne, which could not be occupied b y a woman, during the reign at Constantinople of Empress Eirene. At the assembly of Thionville 6 Feb 806, Emperor Charles decided the division of territories between his sons. Byzantine ambassador s from Emperor Mikhael I finally recognised Charlemagne as emperor (although not "Roman Emperor") at Aix-la-Chapelle in 812[59]. After the death of his two older sons, he crowned his son Louis as ass ociate emperor at Aix-la-Chapelle 11 Sep 813. The necrology of Prüm records the death "814 5 Kal Feb" of "Karolus imperator"[60]. The Annales Fuldenses record the death "814 V Kal Feb" of "Karolus i mperator" at Aachen at the age of about 71[61].
m firstly (769, repudiated [770/early 771]) --- of the Lombards, daughter of DESIDERIUS King of the Lombards & his wife Ansa ---. Einhard calls King Charles's first wife "filiam Desiderii regis Lango bardorum"[62]. The Annales Fuldenses record that "Berhta regina" brought "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum" back from Italy as the wife for "Karolo filio suo"[63]. Her husband sent her back to he r father after repudiating her.
m secondly (Aix-la-Chapelle 771 before 30 Apr) HILDEGARD, daughter of GEROLD Graf im Kraichgau [Udalrichinger] & his wife Imma (758-Thionville, Moselle 30 Apr 783[64], bur Metz, église abbatiale de S aint-Arnoul[65]). Einhard refers to Hildegard as "de gente Suavorum"[66]. Thegan's Vita Hludowici Imperatoris names her "Hildigardam quæ erat de cognatione Gotefridi ducis Alamannorum" and specifie s that she was the daughter of Imma[67]. The Annales Laurissenses record the death "783 pridie Kal Mai" of "Hildegardis regina" and her burial "iuxta urbem Mettensem in basilica apostolorum et beat i Arnulfi"[68]. She died from the after effects of childbirth, according to the epitaph of her daughter Hildegard[69]. Paulus Diaconus wrote an epitaph to "Hildegardis regina"[70].
m thirdly (Worms Oct 783[71]) FASTRADA, daughter of RADULF Graf & his wife --- (-Frankfurt-am-Main 10 Oct 794, bur Mainz, St Alban[72]). The Annales Laurissenses record the marriage in 783 at Worms o f King Charles and "domne Fastradæ regina"[73]. Einhard's Annals record the king's marriage in 783 to "filiam Radolfi comitis natione Francam, nomine Fastradam"[74]. Fastrada, wife of King Charles , is referred to as "de Orientalium Francorum, Germanorum videlicet" by Einhard[75]. Her cruelty triggered the revolt of her husband's illegitimate son Pépin "le Bossu" in 792[76]. The Annales Xant enses record the death in Frankfurt in 794 of "Fastrada regina"[77]. Einhard records the death in 794 of "Fastrada regina" at Frankfurt and her burial "Mogontiaci apud sanctum Albanum"[78]. Theodul f wrote the epitaph of "Fastradæ reginæ"[79].
m fourthly ([794/autumn 796]) LIUTGARD, daughter of --- (-Tours 4 Jun 800, bur Tours, église Saint-Martin[80]). Einhard names "Liudgardam Alamannam" as King Charles's fourth wife, specifying that sh e died childless[81]. Angilbert's poem Ad Pippinum Italiæ regum names "Liutgardis" as the wife of King Charles[82]. The Annales Laurissenses Continuatio records the death "II Non Iun 800" at Tour s of "domnæ Liutgardæ coniugis" and her burial at Tours[83].
Mistress (1): HIMILTRUD ---. "Himiltrude nobili puella" is named mother of "Pippinum" in the Gesta Mettensium[84].
Mistress (2): ---. Einhard refers to "Ruodhaidem" as the daughter of King Charles and an unnamed concubine[85].
Mistress (3): [MADELGARD] ---. Settipani names Madelgardis as the mistress of King Charles, and mother of Rothildis abbess of Faremoutiers[86]. However, he cites no primary source on which this is b ased, apart from a reference to an early 9th century list of nuns at Faremoutiers which includes the name. No reference has been found to her in any of the sources so far consulted.
Mistress (4): GERSWINDA ---. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Gersuindam Saxonici generis", and her daughter Adaltrud[87].
Mistress (5): REGINA ---. 800. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Reginam", and her sons "Drogonem et Hugum"[88].
Mistress (6): ADELINDIS ---. 806. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Adallindem", and her son "Theodricum"[89].
King Charles I & his second wife had nine children[90]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlemagne
Events
| Birth | Abt 745 | ||||
| Title (Nobility) | 768 | King of the Franks | |||
| Title (Nobility) | 774 | King of Italy | |||
| Title (Nobility) | 800 | Emperor | |||
| Alt name | Charles "The Great" | ||||
| Death | 28 JAN 813/14 |
Families
| Spouse | Empress Hildegard Of Vinzgau (757 - 783) |
| Child | Pepin Of Italy (773 - 810) |
| Child | Louis I "The Pious" (778 - 840) |
| Father | Pepin "The Short" III (714 - 768) |
| Mother | Bertrada "Au Grand Pied" (720 - 783) |