Individual Details

William Longespée

(Abt 1176 - 7 Mar 1226)

thePeerage.com


William Longespée, 1st Earl of Salisbury1
M, #104601, b. between 1160 and 1170, d. 1226
Last Edited=12 Apr 2012
William Longespée, 1st Earl of Salisbury was born illegitimately between 1160 and 1170.1 He was the son of Henry II 'Curtmantle' d'Anjou, King of England and Ida de Tosny.2,3 He married Ela, Countess of Salisbury, daughter of William FitzPatrick de Saresbury, 2nd Earl of Salisbury and Eleanor de Vitri, circa 1196. He died in 1226 at Mansourah, Egypt.1 He was also reported to have died on 7 March 1226 at Salisbury Castle.
He gained the title of 1st Earl of Salisbury in 1196.2
Children of William Longespée, 1st Earl of Salisbury and Ela, Countess of Salisbury

Richard Longespée
Nicholas Longespée d. 28 May 1297
Isabel Longespée d. b 1248
Ela Longespée2 d. 9 Feb 1298
Ida Longespée+2 d. bt 1266 - 1270
William Longespée, 2nd Earl of Salisbury+2 b. c 1200, d. 7 Feb 1250
Stephen Longespée+4 b. 1216, d. 1260

Citations

[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 63. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families.
[S106] Royal Genealogies Website (ROYAL92.GED), online http://www.daml.org/2001/01/gedcom/royal92.ged. Hereinafter cited as Royal Genealogies Website.
[S79] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry (Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A.: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2004), page 456. Hereinafter cited as Plantagenet Ancestry.
[S37] BP2003 volume 3, page 4287. See link for full details for this source. Hereinafter cited as. [S37]

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Janet and Robert Wolfe Genealogy
http://www-personal.umich.edu/~bobwolfe/gen/mn/m27005x27006.htm

Notes for William Longespée and Ela of Salisbury

"Ela (or Isabel), only da. and h., b. circa 1191, in 1196 was given by Richard I, with the Earldom of Salisbury, to his bastard br., William Longespee. He [William Longespee] was with Richard I in Normandy 1196-98; and was present at John's Coronation, 27 May 1199. Sheriff of Wilts, Midsummer 1199-1202; 1203—1207; 1213 till his death. In 1202 he went on a diplomatic mission to France; in 1203 he was keeper of the castle of Avranches; in 1204, with the Earl Marshal, he escorted Llewelyn to the King at Worcester. Keeper of the castle and honor of Eye, 1205; in which year he led a small band of knights to Rochelle. He was of the escort of William the Lion, King of Scots, to meet John at York, Nov. 1206. In 1208, when the King anticipated the Interdict by several orders regarding monks and clergy who refused to celebrate divine service, those of the diocese of Ely were put under the direction of the Earl of Salisbury. He headed an Embassy in Mar. 1209 to the prelates and princes of Germany, on behalf of the King's nephew Otto; in Dec. he was app. Keeper of the March of Wales. He attended John on his expedition to Ireland, 1210. From May 1212 to Mar. 1215/ 6 sheriff of Cambs and Hunts; sometime (certainly in 1212—13, when invasion from France threatened) Keeper of Dover Castle; in Aug. 1212, supervisor of the keeper of the Archbishopric of Canterbury. He was one of the 4 Earls who, at Dover in May 1213, swore that John would observe the terms laid down by the Pope for satisfaction of the bishops, and witnessed his declaration of homage to the Papal see. He was then preparing an expedition, of which he was joint commander, to help the Count of Flanders against France. In June he went overseas again in the same cause, with a credit of over 20,000 marks. In 1214, as Marshal of the King of England, he commanded combined forces which recovered almost all Flanders for the Count; but on 27 July the Earl and the Counts of Flanders and Boulogne were captured at the battle of Bouvines. In May 1215 he was one of the 3 Earls app. to visit and examine the state of the royal castles, and a messenger from the King to the City of London; and he was at Runnymede in June, on the King's side. Later in the year, with Falkes de Breaute, the Earl led a punitive expedition into the eastern counties. He remained a zealous loyalist till after mid-June 1216; but, presumably before the end of the month, when Louis had entered Winchester, the Earl surrendered Salisbury Castle to him. He had returned to his allegiance before 7 Mar. 12 16/7, when his lands were restored to him. On 14 Mar. he had a grant of Sherborne Castle and the co. of Somerset, and under grants of Somerset and Devon, 14 and 17 Aug., he served as sheriff of both counties till Mich. 1217. At Whitsuntide he marched with the Earl Marshal to the relief of Lincoln. In Aug. he was with Hubert de Burgh in the victory over the French fleet off Thanet, and in Sep. he witnessed the treaty with Louis at Lambeth. He was among the guarantors of the truce with France, Mar. 1219/20. In 1220 he and his Countess laid the 4th and 5th stones at the founding of the new cathedral at New Sarum. He was with the King, Oct. 1223, in the successful expedition against Llewellyn. In 1224 Keeper of the Castles of Bridgnorth and Shrewsbury, (1) accounting as sheriff of Salop and Staffs, Christmas 1223 to Mich. 1224. In 1225 he went with the young Earl of Cornwall, as supervisory commander, on a successful expedition to Gascony. He d. 7 Mar. 1225/6 in Salisbury Castle, and was bur. in the Cathedral. After his death, the Countess, who (according to the Lacock account) was b. 1187, did homage for her inheritance, 19 Mar. 1225/6; on the 23rd she was required to surrender Salisbury Castle; the county of Wilts was committed to her during pleasure, 22 Jan. 1226/7. She founded Lacock Abbey, 1229; took the veil there in 1238; was Abbess, 1240-57; d. 24 Aug. 1261, and was bur. there." [1]
Footnotes:

[1] George E. Cokayne and Geoffrey H White, ed., The Complete Peerage, rev., Vol. 11, Rickerton to Sisonby (London: St Catherine Press, 1949), 379, of 379-82, includes citations in footnotes, see volume 14 page 566 for corrections.
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From Wikipedia

William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury
This article is about the English peer. For other uses of the same name, see William Longsword (disambiguation).
William Longespée
Earl of Salisbury
William Salisbury.jpg
Drawing of effigy of William Longespée from his monument in Salisbury Cathedral
Spouse(s) Ela, Countess of Salisbury
among others...
Issue
William II Longespée
Nicholas Longespée
Noble family Plantagenet
Father Henry II of England
Mother Ida de Tosny
Born c. 1176
Died 7 March 1226 (aged 49–50)
Salisbury Castle, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England
Arms of Longespee, as drawn by Matthew Paris (d.1259): Azure, six lions rampant or, 3,2,1. As seen sculpted on the shield of his effigy in Salisbury Cathedral

William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (c. 1176 – 7 March 1226) ("Long Sword", Latinised to de Longa Spatha) was an English noble, primarily remembered for his command of the English forces at the Battle of Damme and for remaining loyal to his half-brother, King John. His nickname "Longespée" is generally taken as a reference to his great size and the outsize weapons he wielded.

Contents

1 Early life
2 Military career
3 Death
4 Likeness
5 Family
6 References

Early life

He was an illegitimate son of Henry II, King of England. His mother was unknown for many years until the discovery of a charter William made that mentions "Comitissa Ida, mater mea" (Countess Ida, my mother).[1][2]

This Ida de Tosny, a member of the prominent Tosny (or Toesny) family, married Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk[3] in 1181.

King Henry acknowledged William as his son and gave him the honour of Appleby, Lincolnshire, in 1188. Eight years later, his half brother King Richard I married him to a great heiress, Ela of Salisbury, 3rd Countess of Salisbury.

During the reign of King John, Salisbury was at court on several important ceremonial occasions and held various offices: sheriff of Wiltshire; lieutenant of Gascony; constable of Dover; and Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports; and later warden of the Welsh Marches. He was appointed sheriff of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire about 1213.
Military career

He was a commander in the king's Welsh and Irish expeditions of 1210–1212 and was appointed Viceroy of Ireland, jointly with John de Gray, Bishop of Norwich, when the king left for England in 1210.[4] The king also granted him the honour of Eye in Suffolk.

In 1213, Salisbury led a large fleet to Flanders, where he seized or destroyed a good part of a French invasion fleet anchored at or near Damme. This ended the invasion threat but not the conflicts between England and France. In 1214, Salisbury was sent to help Otto IV of Germany, an English ally, who was invading France. Salisbury commanded the right wing of the army at their disastrous defeat in that year at the Battle of Bouvines, where he was captured.

By the time he returned to England, revolt was brewing amongst the barons. Salisbury was one of the few who remained loyal to John. In the civil war that took place the year after the signing of the Magna Carta, Salisbury was one of the leaders of the king's army in the south. He was made High Sheriff of Wiltshire again, this time for life. After raising the siege of Lincoln with William Marshall he was also appointed High Sheriff of Lincolnshire (in addition to his current post as High Sheriff of Somerset) and governor of Lincoln castle. However, after the French prince Louis (later Louis VIII) landed as an ally of the rebels, Salisbury went over to his side. Presumably, he thought John's cause was lost.
Tomb of William Longespée in Salisbury Cathedral

After John's death and the departure of Louis, Salisbury, along with many other barons, joined the cause of John's young son, now Henry III of England. He held an influential place in the government during the king's minority and fought in Gascony to help secure the remaining part of the English continental possessions. He was appointed High Sheriff of Devon in 1217 and High Sheriff of Staffordshire and Shropshire in 1224. Salisbury's ship was nearly lost in a storm while returning to England in 1225, and he spent some months in refuge at a monastery on the French island of Ré.
Death

He died not long after his return to England at Salisbury Castle. Roger of Wendover alleged that he was poisoned by Hubert de Burgh. He was buried at Salisbury Cathedral in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England.

William Longespée's tomb was opened in 1791. Bizarrely, the well-preserved corpse of a rat which carried traces of arsenic, was found inside his skull.[5] The rat is now on display in a case at the Salisbury and South Wiltshire Museum.[5]
Likeness

A terracotta statue of Longespée, dating from 1756, is located in the Great Hall of Lacock Abbey in Lacock, Wiltshire, England. A likeness of his wife Ela is also on display, while several other statues are believed to show their children.
Family

By his wife Ela, Countess of Salisbury, he had four sons and six daughters:[6]

William II Longespée (1212?–1250), who was sometimes called Earl of Salisbury but never legally bore the title because he died before his mother, Countess Ela, who held the earldom until her death in 1261.
Richard, a canon of Salisbury.
Stephen (d. 1260), who was seneschal of Gascony and married Emeline de Ridelsford, widow of Hugh de Lacy, 1st Earl of Ulster. Their two daughters were Eleanor Longspee, who married Sir Roger La Zouche and Emeline Longspee, who married Sir Maurice FitzMaurice, Justiciar of Ireland.
Nicholas (d. 1297), bishop of Salisbury.
Isabella Longespée, who married Sir William de Vesci.
Ela Longespée, who first married Thomas de Beaumont, 6th Earl of Warwick, and then married Philip Basset. No issue.[7]
Ida Longespée, married firstly Ralph who was son of Ralph de Somery, Baron of Dudley, and Margaret, daughter of John Marshal;[7] she married secondly William de Beauchamp, Baron of Bedford, by whom she had six children, including Maud de Beauchamp, wife of Roger de Mowbray.[8]
Ida II de Longespée (she is alternatively listed as William and Ela's granddaughter: see notes below), married Sir Walter FitzRobert, son of Robert Fitzwalter, by whom she had issue including Ela FitzWalter, wife of William de Odyngsells. Ela's and Williams's grandsons include William de Clinton and John de Grey.[7]
Mary Longespée, married. No issue.[7]
Pernel Longespée.

Peerage of England
Preceded by
William Earl of Salisbury
1196–1226
With: Ela Succeeded by
Ela
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury.

London, Vera CM, 1979. Cartulary of Bradenstoke Priory. Wiltshire Record Society Publications, Devizes, Wiltshire, UK.
Reed, Paul C, 2002. "Countess Ida, Mother of William Longespée, Illegitimate Son of Henry II," The American Genealogist, volume 77, page 137.
Phair, Raymond W, 2002. "William Longespée, Ralph Bigod, and Countess Ida." The American Genealogist, volume 77, pages 279–281.
O'Mahony, Charles (1912). The Viceroys of Ireland. p. 20.
"Medieval Rodent". Salisbury Museum. Retrieved 30 July 2014.
Douglas Richardson. Plantagenet Ancestry, Genealogical Company, 2005. pg 456. Google eBook
Richardson, D. (2011) Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study ... (via Google) pg 577 (Mowbray) pg 94 (Fitzwalter) pg 429

This Ida is sometimes confused with Ida II Longespée, who married Sir Walter FitzRobert of Woodham Walter, Essex, by whom she had issue including Ela FitzWalter, wife of William de Odyngsells. Ida II Longespée has been given different parents by different genealogists; G. Andrews Moriarty suggested the two Idas were sisters; Gerald Paget suggests Ida II who married Walter FitzRobert may have been the daughter of William Longespée II, Earl of Salisbury, by his wife, Idoine de Camville.

Cawley, Charles, Medieval Lands Project on William Longespée, Earl of Salisbury, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, retrieved August 2012,[better source needed]

Events

BirthAbt 1176
Title (Nobility)1215Magna Carta Counsellor (name in preamble)
Death7 Mar 1226
Title (Nobility)1st Earl of Salisbury

Families

SpouseEla of Salisbury (1187 - 1261)
ChildWilliam Longespée (1200 - 1250)
FatherKing Henry II "Curtmantle" Plantagenet (1133 - 1189)
MotherIda de Tosny ( - )